Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 35 journeys so far, 1922 to 1996, 8,641 specimens between them.

31 collectors and expeditions959 days in the field348,811 km between stops8,000 photographed specimens

G.E. Edano

35 islands · Jan – May 1957

G.E. Edano across 35 islands, January – May 1957

653 specimens · 58 stops · 131 days · 4,198 km

Yoshio KondoKay Kondo

36 islands · Jan – May 1957

Yoshio KondoKay Kondo across 36 islands, January – May 1957

648 specimens · 59 stops · 131 days · 2,868 km

Maxwell S. Doty

16 islands · Aug – Dec 1971

Maxwell S. Doty across 16 islands, August – December 1971

737 specimens · 34 stops · 101 days · 25,154 km

J.S. Burley

4 islands · May – Jul 1989

J.S. Burley across 4 islands, May – July 1989

478 specimens · 22 stops · 63 days · 30,615 km

Ismail Tukirin

4 islands · May – Jul 1989

Ismail Tukirin across 4 islands, May – July 1989

414 specimens · 25 stops · 63 days · 32,354 km

Adolph D.E. Elmer

3 islands · 1–22 Oct 1922

Adolph D.E. Elmer in Borneo, North Borneo and Tawao, 1–22 October 1922

1,407 specimens · 2 stops · 22 days

H.P. Nooteboom

3 islands · Mar – May 1970

H.P. Nooteboom in Borneo, Sarawak and Sabah, March – May 1970

344 specimens · 34 stops · 62 days · 5,549 km

J. Afriastini

Borneo · Jan – Feb 1995

J. Afriastini in Borneo, January – February 1995

409 specimens · 23 stops · 29 days · 7,075 km

P. Chai

Borneo and Sarawak · Mar – May 1970

P. Chai in Borneo and Sarawak, March – May 1970

306 specimens · 31 stops · 62 days · 3,319 km

J.A. McDonald

5 islands · Apr – Jul 1992

J.A. McDonald across 5 islands, April – July 1992

263 specimens · 31 stops · 101 days · 31,570 km

Neth. Ind. For. Service

14 islands · Apr 1939 – Jan 1940

Neth. Ind. For. Service, April 1939 – January 1940

171 specimens · 91 stops · 272 days · 40,249 km

Ismail Indah

Borneo and Kalimantan · Apr – May 1994

Ismail Indah in Borneo and Kalimantan, April – May 1994

274 specimens · 31 stops · 38 days · 2,267 km

Hamzah

Borneo and Kalimantan · Apr – May 1994

Hamzah in Borneo and Kalimantan, April – May 1994

270 specimens · 31 stops · 38 days · 3,384 km

A. Nurdin

3 islands · Oct – Nov 1993

A. Nurdin in Borneo, Indonesia and Kalimantan, October – November 1993

290 specimens · 23 stops · 32 days · 3,346 km

H.P. Nooteboom

3 islands · Jan – Mar 1969

H.P. Nooteboom in Borneo, Sabah and Java, January – March 1969

194 specimens · 27 stops · 73 days · 38,443 km

T.G. Laman

Borneo · Oct – Nov 1996

T.G. Laman in Borneo, October – November 1996

272 specimens · 12 stops · 23 days · 4,031 km

E. Mirmanto

Borneo · Oct – Nov 1996

E. Mirmanto in Borneo, October – November 1996

230 specimens · 11 stops · 23 days · 2,688 km

I.A. Rachman

Borneo · Oct – Nov 1996

I.A. Rachman in Borneo, October – November 1996

174 specimens · 9 stops · 23 days · 2,688 km

J.S. Burley

Borneo and Kalimantan · Mar – May 1988

J.S. Burley in Borneo and Kalimantan, March – May 1988

100 specimens · 20 stops · 42 days · 4,807 km

Erling Christophersen

3 islands · May – Jul 1929

Erling Christophersen in Java, Borneo and Krakatau, May – July 1929

104 specimens · 14 stops · 63 days

M. Jitmau

3 islands of Indonesia · Mar – May 1994

M. Jitmau in New Guinea, Irian Jaya and Borneo, March – May 1994

128 specimens · 10 stops · 76 days · 4,100 km

Neth. Ind. For. Service

11 islands · Feb – Aug 1938

Neth. Ind. For. Service, February – August 1938

63 specimens · 45 stops · 174 days · 15,218 km

F. Raymond Fosberg

3 islands · Jun – Jul 1963

F. Raymond Fosberg in Borneo, Sarawak and Malaya, June – July 1963

82 specimens · 12 stops · 20 days

Ismail Tukirin

Borneo and Kalimantan · Mar – May 1988

Ismail Tukirin in Borneo and Kalimantan, March – May 1988

63 specimens · 16 stops · 41 days · 3,424 km

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date and a known collector is a diary entry. The days are read in order; a gap of more than three weeks ends one journey and starts the next. Days spent where a collector lived most of their life are home, not travel, and are left out.

A journey needs at least five days, forty specimens and two places. Within it, a run of days spent within about ten kilometres is one stop; the stop’s point is the middle of the labels that carry coordinates, or the island’s centre when none do.

Companions are the people whose own labels put them in the same place on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it and feature it; everything else here is read straight off the specimens, and is rebuilt as the records improve.