Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 1,980 journeys so far, 1874 to 2026, 356,126 specimens between them.

839 collectors and expeditions34,820 days in the field7,426,317 km between stops244,553 photographed specimens

B.K. Kirchoff

Oʻahu · 24–30 May 1988

B.K. Kirchoff in Oʻahu, 24–30 May 1988

45 specimens · 2 stops · 7 days

Betsy H. Gagne

Maui · Feb – Mar 1984

Betsy H. Gagne in Maui, February – March 1984

63 specimens · 3 stops · 13 days

John Strazanac

Nihoa · 20–28 Jun 1990

John Strazanac in Nihoa, 20–28 June 1990

47 specimens · 6 stops · 9 days

A. Harbottle

Lānaʻi · 5–11 Feb 2003

A. Harbottle in Lānaʻi, 5–11 February 2003

74 specimens · 2 stops · 7 days · 147 km

Maxwell S. Doty

Oʻahu · Mar – Apr 1960

Maxwell S. Doty in Oʻahu, March – April 1960

42 specimens · 5 stops · 19 days · 164 km

K. Morrison

Maui · 2–11 May 2023

K. Morrison in Maui, 2–11 May 2023

44 specimens · 2 stops · 10 days

E.J. Funk

Sri Lanka and Hawaiʻi Island · 9–18 Dec 1992

E.J. Funk in Sri Lanka and Hawaiʻi Island, 9–18 December 1992

44 specimens · 2 stops · 10 days

M. Gilmartin

Enewetak Atoll · Aug – Sep 1955

M. Gilmartin in Enewetak Atoll, August – September 1955

41 specimens · 6 stops · 10 days

S.N. Ching

Oʻahu · Apr – May 2022

S.N. Ching in Oʻahu, April – May 2022

51 specimens · 3 stops · 28 days

Clarence H. Cooke Jr.

Palmyra Atoll · 1–28 Jul 1913

Clarence H. Cooke Jr. in Palmyra Atoll, 1–28 July 1913

42 specimens · 2 stops · 28 days · 893 km

W.J. Vaughn

the United States · 20–30 May 1926

W.J. Vaughn in the United States, 20–30 May 1926

61 specimens · 3 stops · 11 days

Frank A. Parrish

4 islands of the United States · Jun – Jul 1991

Frank A. Parrish across 4 islands of the United States, June – July 1991

50 specimens · 4 stops · 13 days · 353 km

R. Kanehira

6 islands · Jun – Jul 1931

R. Kanehira across 6 islands, June – July 1931

53 specimens · 2 stops · 8 days

Jacques Florence

Tikehau · Oct – Nov 1984

Jacques Florence in Tikehau, October – November 1984

64 specimens · 2 stops · 8 days · 16 km

G.N. Jones

the United States · 20–30 May 1926

G.N. Jones in the United States, 20–30 May 1926

57 specimens · 3 stops · 11 days

Ernani Meñez

3 islands of the Philippines · Apr – May 1958

Ernani Meñez in Cuyo, Palawan and Mindanao, April – May 1958

43 specimens · 2 stops · 6 days · 402 km

S. Gale

Malaita and Guadalcanal · 5–11 Sep 2007

S. Gale in Malaita and Guadalcanal, 5–11 September 2007

42 specimens · 5 stops · 7 days · 186 km

W.H. Magruder

Molokaʻi and Maui · Jul – Aug 1988

W.H. Magruder in Molokaʻi and Maui, July – August 1988

67 specimens · 2 stops · 14 days · 62 km

Townsend-Cromwell Survey TC

Molokaʻi and Oʻahu · Nov – Dec 1968

Townsend-Cromwell Survey TC, November – December 1968

43 specimens · 4 stops · 27 days · 256 km

J. Thaanum

the United States · 20–30 May 1926

J. Thaanum in the United States, 20–30 May 1926

54 specimens · 3 stops · 11 days

Elwood Curtin Zimmerman

Oʻahu · 1–19 Mar 1942

Elwood Curtin Zimmerman in Oʻahu, 1–19 March 1942

65 specimens · 2 stops · 19 days

K. Taho

New Guinea · Aug – Sep 1973

K. Taho in New Guinea, August – September 1973

41 specimens · 2 stops · 7 days · 56 km

Diane Ragone

Kosrae and Pohnpei · 2–20 Dec 1996

Diane Ragone in Kosrae and Pohnpei, 2–20 December 1996

40 specimens · 4 stops · 19 days · 1,228 km

Fuentes

Luzon · 1–15 Jul 1994

Fuentes in Luzon, 1–15 July 1994

42 specimens · 2 stops · 15 days · 93 km

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date and a known collector is a diary entry. The days are read in order; a gap of more than three weeks ends one journey and starts the next. Days spent where a collector lived most of their life are home, not travel, and are left out.

A journey needs at least five days, forty specimens and two places. Within it, a run of days spent within about ten kilometres is one stop; the stop’s point is the middle of the labels that carry coordinates, or the island’s centre when none do.

Companions are the people whose own labels put them in the same place on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it and feature it; everything else here is read straight off the specimens, and is rebuilt as the records improve.