Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 207 journeys so far, 1892 to 1995, 45,170 specimens between them.

63 collectors and expeditions3,387 days in the field312,272 km between stops19,870 photographed specimens

Walter M. Giffard

1–15 Dec 1911

Walter M. Giffard, 1–15 December 1911

68 specimens · 6 stops · 15 days

J.C.E. Riotte

Kauaʻi · Jun – Jul 1981

J.C.E. Riotte in Kauaʻi, June – July 1981

55 specimens · 6 stops · 42 days

Walter M. Giffard

Nov – Dec 1912

Walter M. Giffard, November – December 1912

67 specimens · 5 stops · 17 days

B. Hocking

the United States · May – Jun 1969

B. Hocking in the United States, May – June 1969

49 specimens · 8 stops · 36 days

Otto Herman Swezey

Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island · May – Jun 1919

Otto Herman Swezey in Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island, May – June 1919

53 specimens · 6 stops · 31 days · 232 km

Dan A. Polhemus

Apr – Jun 1995

Dan A. Polhemus, April – June 1995

42 specimens · 11 stops · 43 days

Gordon M. Nishida

Oʻahu · Jun – Aug 1977

Gordon M. Nishida in Oʻahu, June – August 1977

48 specimens · 6 stops · 75 days

John W. Beardsley

Molokaʻi · Oct – Nov 1995

John W. Beardsley in Molokaʻi, October – November 1995

75 specimens · 3 stops · 21 days

Walter M. Giffard

the United States · Sep – Oct 1907

Walter M. Giffard in the United States, September – October 1907

44 specimens · 7 stops · 49 days

Edwin Horace Bryan Jr.

Hawaiʻi Island · 23–28 Nov 1932

Edwin Horace Bryan Jr. in Hawaiʻi Island, 23–28 November 1932

45 specimens · 6 stops · 6 days

George F. Arnemann

Kauaʻi · 2–22 May 1948

George F. Arnemann in Kauaʻi, 2–22 May 1948

43 specimens · 2 stops · 21 days

Judson Linsley Gressitt

the United States · Jun – Aug 1954

Judson Linsley Gressitt in the United States, June – August 1954

52 specimens · 4 stops · 47 days

Steven L. Montgomery

Maui · Sep – Oct 1979

Steven L. Montgomery in Maui, September – October 1979

50 specimens · 5 stops · 13 days

Elwood Curtin Zimmerman

Kauaʻi and Oʻahu · Jan – Feb 1935

Elwood Curtin Zimmerman in Kauaʻi and Oʻahu, January – February 1935

42 specimens · 4 stops · 21 days · 179 km

Elwood Curtin Zimmerman

Oʻahu · 9–28 May 1943

Elwood Curtin Zimmerman in Oʻahu, 9–28 May 1943

74 specimens · 2 stops · 20 days

Judson Linsley Gressitt

the United States · 1–7 Dec 1956

Judson Linsley Gressitt in the United States, 1–7 December 1956

64 specimens · 4 stops · 7 days

Edwin Horace Bryan Jr.

the United States · Jul – Aug 1926

Edwin Horace Bryan Jr. in the United States, July – August 1926

40 specimens · 6 stops · 48 days

P.D. Ashlock

22–30 Jun 1966

P.D. Ashlock, 22–30 June 1966

50 specimens · 6 stops · 9 days

Elwood Curtin Zimmerman

Oʻahu · 11–20 Nov 1934

Elwood Curtin Zimmerman in Oʻahu, 11–20 November 1934

63 specimens · 3 stops · 10 days

Betsy H. Gagne

Maui · Feb – Mar 1984

Betsy H. Gagne in Maui, February – March 1984

63 specimens · 3 stops · 13 days

John Strazanac

Nihoa · 20–28 Jun 1990

John Strazanac in Nihoa, 20–28 June 1990

47 specimens · 6 stops · 9 days

P.D. Ashlock

Jun – Jul 1968

P.D. Ashlock, June – July 1968

46 specimens · 4 stops · 29 days

W.P. Mull

11–22 Dec 1976

W.P. Mull, 11–22 December 1976

51 specimens · 4 stops · 12 days

W.P. Mull

5–25 Sep 1976

W.P. Mull, 5–25 September 1976

46 specimens · 4 stops · 21 days

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date and a known collector is a diary entry. The days are read in order; a gap of more than three weeks ends one journey and starts the next. Days spent where a collector lived most of their life are home, not travel, and are left out.

A journey needs at least five days, forty specimens and two places. Within it, a run of days spent within about ten kilometres is one stop; the stop’s point is the middle of the labels that carry coordinates, or the island’s centre when none do.

Companions are the people whose own labels put them in the same place on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it and feature it; everything else here is read straight off the specimens, and is rebuilt as the records improve.