Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 99 journeys so far, 1929 to 2022, 32,612 specimens between them.

59 collectors and expeditions2,398 days in the field1,866,152 km between stops17,965 photographed specimens

Benjamin C. Stone

11 islands · Dec 1964 – Feb 1965

Benjamin C. Stone across 11 islands, December 1964 – February 1965

145 specimens · 14 stops · 51 days · 64,561 km

Harold St.John

3 islands · Oct 1951 – Jan 1952

Harold St.John in Maui, Oʻahu and Maug, October 1951 – January 1952

115 specimens · 15 stops · 85 days · 313 km

Marie Catherine Neal

4 islands · Jul – Aug 1933

Marie Catherine Neal across 4 islands, July – August 1933

137 specimens · 9 stops · 33 days · 17,135 km

David F. Grether

5 islands · Jul – Aug 1946

David F. Grether across 5 islands, July – August 1946

121 specimens · 10 stops · 38 days · 37,731 km

W. Law

4 islands · Feb – Apr 2009

W. Law across 4 islands, February – April 2009

112 specimens · 14 stops · 44 days · 9,392 km

M. McArthur

8 islands · Jun – Jul 2022

M. McArthur across 8 islands, June – July 2022

108 specimens · 13 stops · 17 days

Steven Perlman

10 islands · Dec 2007 – Feb 2008

Steven Perlman across 10 islands, December 2007 – February 2008

83 specimens · 18 stops · 53 days · 7,666 km

Timothy Flynn

8 islands · Jun – Jul 2022

Timothy Flynn across 8 islands, June – July 2022

102 specimens · 12 stops · 18 days

U. Nagendra

8 islands · Jun – Jul 2022

U. Nagendra across 8 islands, June – July 2022

86 specimens · 12 stops · 18 days

Yoshio KondoKay Kondo

4 islands · May – Aug 1962

Yoshio KondoKay Kondo across 4 islands, May – August 1962

76 specimens · 12 stops · 89 days · 12,838 km

E. Gardner

8 islands · Jun – Jul 2022

E. Gardner across 8 islands, June – July 2022

85 specimens · 11 stops · 15 days

David H. Lorence

8 islands · Jun – Jul 2022

David H. Lorence across 8 islands, June – July 2022

86 specimens · 9 stops · 17 days

A. Kitalong

3 islands · 4–15 Nov 2013

A. Kitalong in Palau, Palao and Ngeruktabel, 4–15 November 2013

93 specimens · 8 stops · 12 days

David H. Lorence

Kosrae and Pohnpei · 8–25 Mar 2009

David H. Lorence in Kosrae and Pohnpei, 8–25 March 2009

93 specimens · 7 stops · 18 days · 3,025 km

Van-Ray Tadao

Palau and Palao · 4–21 Nov 2013

Van-Ray Tadao in Palau and Palao, 4–21 November 2013

100 specimens · 5 stops · 18 days

H.A. Miller

5 islands · May – Jun 1965

H.A. Miller across 5 islands, May – June 1965

95 specimens · 5 stops · 20 days · 2,591 km

M.J. Balick

Palau and Palao · 4–21 Nov 2013

M.J. Balick in Palau and Palao, 4–21 November 2013

87 specimens · 6 stops · 18 days

Benjamin C. Stone

Guam and Rota · Feb – Jun 1964

Benjamin C. Stone in Guam and Rota, February – June 1964

51 specimens · 18 stops · 129 days

W. Law

10 islands · Jan – Feb 2008

W. Law across 10 islands, January – February 2008

76 specimens · 9 stops · 24 days · 139 km

T. Hosokawa

Pohnpei and Ponape · Aug – Sep 1940

T. Hosokawa in Pohnpei and Ponape, August – September 1940

59 specimens · 18 stops · 41 days

Thane K. Pratt

Pagan and Northern Pagan · Jun – Jul 2010

Thane K. Pratt in Pagan and Northern Pagan, June – July 2010

48 specimens · 15 stops · 33 days

G. George D. Peterson

4 islands of the Northern Mariana Islands · May – Jun 1952

G. George D. Peterson across 4 islands of the Northern Mariana Islands, May – June 1952

86 specimens · 4 stops · 23 days · 62 km

T. Hosokawa

5 islands · Jul – Sep 1941

T. Hosokawa across 5 islands, July – September 1941

62 specimens · 13 stops · 56 days · 829 km

Ann Marie Gawel

Rota and Guam · Jul – Aug 2012

Ann Marie Gawel in Rota and Guam, July – August 2012

63 specimens · 10 stops · 10 days · 16,939 km

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.

A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.

Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.