Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 129 journeys so far, 1930 to 1940, 32,997 specimens between them.

61 collectors and expeditions2,281 days in the field303,489 km between stops27,629 photographed specimens

A. Meebold

Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu · Apr – May 1932

A. Meebold in Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu, April – May 1932

147 specimens · 3 stops · 31 days · 230 km

E.A. Bessey

Oʻahu · Sep 1939 – Mar 1940

E.A. Bessey in Oʻahu, September 1939 – March 1940

86 specimens · 33 stops · 202 days · 903 km

Donald Mitchell

Hawaiʻi Island · 21–31 Dec 1931

Donald Mitchell in Hawaiʻi Island, 21–31 December 1931

105 specimens · 8 stops · 11 days

Gunder E. Olson

Maui · Jun – Aug 1937

Gunder E. Olson in Maui, June – August 1937

70 specimens · 12 stops · 66 days · 148 km

Edward Yataro Hosaka

Maui and Molokaʻi · 8–24 Apr 1937

Edward Yataro Hosaka in Maui and Molokaʻi, 8–24 April 1937

93 specimens · 9 stops · 17 days · 286 km

Edwin Horace Bryan Jr.

Kahoʻolawe and Maui · 1–19 Feb 1931

Edwin Horace Bryan Jr. in Kahoʻolawe and Maui, 1–19 February 1931

102 specimens · 9 stops · 19 days · 26 km

Edward Yataro Hosaka

3 islands of the United States · 4–26 Apr 1939

Edward Yataro Hosaka in Maui, Hawaiʻi Island and Lānaʻi, 4–26 April 1939

69 specimens · 14 stops · 23 days · 337 km

Y. Iwasaki

Hawaiʻi Island · Jan – Apr 1930

Y. Iwasaki in Hawaiʻi Island, January – April 1930

53 specimens · 16 stops · 103 days · 99 km

Otto Degener

Oʻahu · Jan – May 1938

Otto Degener in Oʻahu, January – May 1938

55 specimens · 14 stops · 109 days

Y. Nitta

Oʻahu · May – Jul 1932

Y. Nitta in Oʻahu, May – July 1932

72 specimens · 8 stops · 52 days

Takamoto

Oʻahu · Feb – May 1936

Takamoto in Oʻahu, February – May 1936

53 specimens · 14 stops · 101 days

Otto Herman Swezey

3 islands of the United States · May – Jul 1932

Otto Herman Swezey in Kauaʻi, Oʻahu and Molokaʻi, May – July 1932

69 specimens · 23 stops · 54 days · 540 km

Erling Christophersen

Oʻahu · Apr – May 1932

Erling Christophersen in Oʻahu, April – May 1932

111 specimens · 4 stops · 12 days · 308 km

Donald Mitchell

Kauaʻi and Oʻahu · Nov 1930 – Jan 1931

Donald Mitchell in Kauaʻi and Oʻahu, November 1930 – January 1931

64 specimens · 10 stops · 36 days · 254 km

C.E. Hartt

Maui and Hawaiʻi Island · 6–18 Aug 1933

C.E. Hartt in Maui and Hawaiʻi Island, 6–18 August 1933

93 specimens · 6 stops · 13 days · 136 km

Edward Yataro Hosaka

5 islands of the United States · Jul – Aug 1931

Edward Yataro Hosaka across 5 islands of the United States, July – August 1931

82 specimens · 6 stops · 24 days · 1,149 km

Amy Suehiro

Oʻahu · Sep – Nov 1932

Amy Suehiro in Oʻahu, September – November 1932

81 specimens · 5 stops · 46 days

Otto Degener

Oʻahu · Jan – Jun 1933

Otto Degener in Oʻahu, January – June 1933

41 specimens · 17 stops · 136 days · 1,199 km

F. Salucop

Maui · Jul – Aug 1939

F. Salucop in Maui, July – August 1939

58 specimens · 10 stops · 36 days · 189 km

Lynette Williams

Molokaʻi · Dec 1938 – Jan 1939

Lynette Williams in Molokaʻi, December 1938 – January 1939

97 specimens · 4 stops · 15 days · 37 km

E.S.C. Handy

4 islands of the United States · Jul – Sep 1931

E.S.C. Handy across 4 islands of the United States, July – September 1931

71 specimens · 5 stops · 43 days · 1,582 km

K.W. Duker

Oʻahu · Oct – Dec 1932

K.W. Duker in Oʻahu, October – December 1932

48 specimens · 11 stops · 72 days

H. Morley

Hawaiʻi Island · Jul – Aug 1934

H. Morley in Hawaiʻi Island, July – August 1934

62 specimens · 7 stops · 33 days · 35 km

W.P. Cottam

Plummer`S · May – Aug 1938

W.P. Cottam in Plummer`S, May – August 1938

67 specimens · 24 stops · 98 days

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date and a known collector is a diary entry. The days are read in order; a gap of more than three weeks ends one journey and starts the next. Days spent where a collector lived most of their life are home, not travel, and are left out.

A journey needs at least five days, forty specimens and two places. Within it, a run of days spent within about ten kilometres is one stop; the stop’s point is the middle of the labels that carry coordinates, or the island’s centre when none do.

Companions are the people whose own labels put them in the same place on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it and feature it; everything else here is read straight off the specimens, and is rebuilt as the records improve.