Journeys
The expeditions, reassembled
Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 1,039 journeys so far, 1879 to 2026, 190,135 specimens between them.
396 collectors and expeditions17,317 days in the field3,803,657 km between stops132,409 photographed specimens
1,039 journeys match
Walter M. Giffard
Hawaiʻi Island · Jan – Jun 1912
Walter M. Giffard in Hawaiʻi Island, January – June 1912272 specimens · 19 stops · 145 days
Derral R. Herbst
4 islands of the United States · Jun – Aug 1970
Derral R. Herbst across 4 islands of the United States, June – August 1970140 specimens · 25 stops · 72 days · 674 km
Reid Moran
3 islands · Jun – Sep 1954
Reid Moran in Guam, Tinian and California, June – September 1954197 specimens · 23 stops · 86 days · 127,923 km
Otto Degener
4 islands · Nov – Dec 1960
Otto Degener across 4 islands, November – December 1960150 specimens · 23 stops · 43 days · 12,274 km
C.T. Imada
3 islands of the United States · 3–14 Mar 1988
C.T. Imada in Maui, Hawaiʻi Island and Kauaʻi, 3–14 March 1988221 specimens · 12 stops · 12 days · 211 km
Isa Degener
4 islands of the United States · Jun – Jul 1961
Isa Degener across 4 islands of the United States, June – July 1961147 specimens · 22 stops · 54 days · 560 km
Kenneth R. Wood
9 islands · Jun – Nov 1997
Kenneth R. Wood across 9 islands, June – November 1997164 specimens · 33 stops · 139 days · 49,817 km

Walter M. Giffard
Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu · Jun – Jul 1928
Walter M. Giffard in Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu, June – July 1928299 specimens · 4 stops · 31 days · 87 km
W.J. Gilbert
5 islands of the United States · Feb – Jun 1959
W.J. Gilbert across 5 islands of the United States, February – June 1959116 specimens · 37 stops · 105 days · 3,345 km
C.F. Puttock
4 islands of the United States · May – Jun 2000
C.F. Puttock across 4 islands of the United States, May – June 2000361 specimens · 8 stops · 30 days · 843 km
R.J. Catto
Hawaiʻi Island · 19–31 Dec 1937
R.J. Catto in Hawaiʻi Island, 19–31 December 1937219 specimens · 11 stops · 13 days
T. Matsui
5 islands of the United States · Feb – Sep 1959
T. Matsui across 5 islands of the United States, February – September 1959149 specimens · 23 stops · 206 days · 3,203 km
Jr.William Ellsworth Fisher Jr.
4 islands of the United States · May – Jun 2000
Jr.William Ellsworth Fisher Jr. across 4 islands of the United States, May – June 2000357 specimens · 8 stops · 30 days · 843 km
R.S. Cowan
Kauaʻi · Dec 1947 – Jan 1948
R.S. Cowan in Kauaʻi, December 1947 – January 1948203 specimens · 12 stops · 20 days
F. Raymond Fosberg
Oʻahu · Dec 1934 – Mar 1935
F. Raymond Fosberg in Oʻahu, December 1934 – March 1935148 specimens · 16 stops · 95 days · 731 km
C. Squair
Molokaʻi and Hawaiʻi Island · Jul – Aug 2005
C. Squair in Molokaʻi and Hawaiʻi Island, July – August 2005350 specimens · 3 stops · 26 days · 451 km
Peter E. Russell
Oʻahu · Jun – Aug 1932
Peter E. Russell in Oʻahu, June – August 1932149 specimens · 20 stops · 42 days · 129 km
Benjamin C. Stone
14 islands · Jun – Sep 1956
Benjamin C. Stone across 14 islands, June – September 1956168 specimens · 36 stops · 116 days · 49,852 km



Clarence H. Cooke Jr.
Molokaʻi · Feb – Mar 1915
Clarence H. Cooke Jr. in Molokaʻi, February – March 1915275 specimens · 4 stops · 42 days · 51 km



Philip Hunter Timberlake
Maui and Hawaiʻi Island · Jul – Aug 1919
Philip Hunter Timberlake in Maui and Hawaiʻi Island, July – August 1919229 specimens · 22 stops · 51 days · 448 km
D. Afualo
Oʻahu · Feb – Apr 1975
D. Afualo in Oʻahu, February – April 1975141 specimens · 19 stops · 60 days · 312 km
Edward Yataro Hosaka
Hawaiʻi Island and Maui · May – Jun 1938
Edward Yataro Hosaka in Hawaiʻi Island and Maui, May – June 1938174 specimens · 15 stops · 26 days · 58 km
Jan Newhouse
6 islands · Dec 1968 – Feb 1969
Jan Newhouse across 6 islands, December 1968 – February 1969162 specimens · 13 stops · 62 days · 4,798 km
Harold St.John
Kauaʻi · Mar – Jun 1926
Harold St.John in Kauaʻi, March – June 1926270 specimens · 15 stops · 91 days
How a journey is found
Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.
A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.
Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.
