Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 1,039 journeys so far, 1879 to 2026, 190,135 specimens between them.

396 collectors and expeditions17,317 days in the field3,803,657 km between stops132,409 photographed specimens

Edwin Horace Bryan Jr.

Oʻahu · Sep – Nov 1934

Edwin Horace Bryan Jr. in Oʻahu, September – November 1934

152 specimens · 11 stops · 64 days · 289 km

Jackson Harris

Oʻahu · Aug – Oct 1924

Jackson Harris in Oʻahu, August – October 1924

110 specimens · 20 stops · 58 days · 226 km

J. Raynal

7 islands · Jun – Aug 1973

J. Raynal across 7 islands, June – August 1973

117 specimens · 29 stops · 79 days · 4,474 km

J.W. Coulter

3 islands of the United States · 1–29 Dec 1932

J.W. Coulter in Molokaʻi, Kauaʻi and Oʻahu, 1–29 December 1932

180 specimens · 7 stops · 29 days · 28 km

Yoshio KondoKay Kondo

Lānaʻi and Oʻahu · Feb – Apr 1961

Yoshio KondoKay Kondo in Lānaʻi and Oʻahu, February – April 1961

141 specimens · 11 stops · 50 days · 429 km

Kenneth R. Wood

3 islands · Feb – Mar 2009

Kenneth R. Wood in Kosrae, Maui and Pohnpei, February – March 2009

132 specimens · 15 stops · 37 days · 9,977 km

Harold St.John

Oʻahu · Apr – Jul 1932

Harold St.John in Oʻahu, April – July 1932

114 specimens · 14 stops · 120 days · 259 km

Paul K. Higashino

4 islands of the United States · Jan – May 1977

Paul K. Higashino across 4 islands of the United States, January – May 1977

104 specimens · 19 stops · 118 days · 802 km

Harold St.John

11 islands · Jul – Aug 1949

Harold St.John across 11 islands, July – August 1949

180 specimens · 15 stops · 30 days · 6,890 km

Yoshio KondoKay Kondo

Oʻahu · Mar – Apr 1948

Yoshio KondoKay Kondo in Oʻahu, March – April 1948

164 specimens · 7 stops · 37 days · 934 km

V.J. Krajina

Maui and Hawaiʻi Island · 14–22 Apr 1962

V.J. Krajina in Maui and Hawaiʻi Island, 14–22 April 1962

201 specimens · 8 stops · 9 days · 494 km

Edwin Horace Bryan Jr.

3 islands of the United States · Jun – Sep 1928

Edwin Horace Bryan Jr. in Kauaʻi, Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island, June – September 1928

168 specimens · 15 stops · 81 days · 1,078 km

Joseph F. Rock

3 islands of the United States · Jan – Mar 1912

Joseph F. Rock in Hawaiʻi Island, Maui and Oʻahu, January – March 1912

133 specimens · 13 stops · 71 days · 136 km

Walter M. Giffard

Hawaiʻi Island · Aug – Sep 1917

Walter M. Giffard in Hawaiʻi Island, August – September 1917

328 specimens · 8 stops · 19 days

C.F. Puttock

Maui and Hawaiʻi Island · 6–24 May 2001

C.F. Puttock in Maui and Hawaiʻi Island, 6–24 May 2001

364 specimens · 5 stops · 19 days · 258 km

R. Okano

3 islands of the United States · Jan – Feb 2000

R. Okano in Molokaʻi, Hawaiʻi Island and Maui, January – February 2000

355 specimens · 5 stops · 17 days · 223 km

Otto Herman Swezey

Kauaʻi and Oʻahu · Aug – Sep 1925

Otto Herman Swezey in Kauaʻi and Oʻahu, August – September 1925

211 specimens · 21 stops · 38 days · 254 km

Glen W. Russ

Molokaʻi · 1–13 Dec 1932

Glen W. Russ in Molokaʻi, 1–13 December 1932

236 specimens · 4 stops · 13 days · 35 km

Jr.William Ellsworth Fisher Jr.

Maui and Hawaiʻi Island · 7–25 May 2001

Jr.William Ellsworth Fisher Jr. in Maui and Hawaiʻi Island, 7–25 May 2001

361 specimens · 5 stops · 19 days · 853 km

Otto Herman Swezey

4 islands of the United States · Jul – Oct 1921

Otto Herman Swezey across 4 islands of the United States, July – October 1921

185 specimens · 22 stops · 99 days · 1,113 km

Johnson Randall

3 islands of the United States · Oct – Dec 1967

Johnson Randall in Enewetak Atoll, Oʻahu and Tahiti, October – December 1967

238 specimens · 14 stops · 40 days · 20,674 km

Johnson Randall

8 islands · Jun – Sep 1986

Johnson Randall across 8 islands, June – September 1986

167 specimens · 23 stops · 68 days · 75,616 km

Otto Degener

Oʻahu and Maui · Jan – Jun 1937

Otto Degener in Oʻahu and Maui, January – June 1937

92 specimens · 21 stops · 132 days · 335 km

E.Y. Dawson

8 islands · May – Jun 1949

E.Y. Dawson across 8 islands, May – June 1949

127 specimens · 14 stops · 29 days

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.

A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.

Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.