Journeys
The expeditions, reassembled
Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 1,039 journeys so far, 1879 to 2026, 190,135 specimens between them.
396 collectors and expeditions17,317 days in the field3,803,657 km between stops132,409 photographed specimens
1,039 journeys match
G.J. Spence
Lānaʻi and Oʻahu · Sep – Oct 1973
G.J. Spence in Lānaʻi and Oʻahu, September – October 197387 specimens · 4 stops · 49 days · 77 km
C.H. Lamoureux
4 islands · 6–17 Dec 1962
C.H. Lamoureux across 4 islands, 6–17 December 196293 specimens · 6 stops · 12 days
H.A. Miller
3 islands of the United States · Nov 1952 – Feb 1953
H.A. Miller in Kauaʻi, Oʻahu and Molokaʻi, November 1952 – February 195356 specimens · 15 stops · 82 days · 608 km
Isa Degener
4 islands · Jan – Feb 1958
Isa Degener across 4 islands, January – February 195879 specimens · 20 stops · 41 days · 13,268 km
Isa Degener
14 islands · May – Aug 1982
Isa Degener across 14 islands, May – August 198266 specimens · 25 stops · 81 days · 26,529 km
J.R. Johansen
Oʻahu and Kauaʻi · 20–30 Jul 2009
J.R. Johansen in Oʻahu and Kauaʻi, 20–30 July 2009131 specimens · 9 stops · 11 days · 653 km
K. Shultz
Oʻahu and Kauaʻi · 4–27 Apr 2001
K. Shultz in Oʻahu and Kauaʻi, 4–27 April 2001201 specimens · 3 stops · 24 days · 184 km
van Royen
the United States · Jul – Aug 1973
van Royen in the United States, July – August 197397 specimens · 17 stops · 27 days
Charles N. Forbes
3 islands of the United States · Oct 1910 – Jan 1911
Charles N. Forbes in Oʻahu, Maui and Kauaʻi, October 1910 – January 191148 specimens · 16 stops · 97 days · 1,320 km
Otto Degener
Oʻahu · Jan – Jun 1933
Otto Degener in Oʻahu, January – June 193341 specimens · 17 stops · 136 days · 1,199 km
Steven Perlman
4 islands of the United States · Apr – Jul 2012
Steven Perlman across 4 islands of the United States, April – July 201247 specimens · 14 stops · 84 days · 1,122 km
A.K. Sakai
3 islands of the United States · Jun – Jul 1985
A.K. Sakai in Hawaiʻi Island, Lānaʻi and Maui, June – July 198570 specimens · 9 stops · 14 days · 289 km
Isa Degener
Kauaʻi · Sep – Oct 1955
Isa Degener in Kauaʻi, September – October 195559 specimens · 10 stops · 31 days · 126 km
E.A. Bessey
Hawaiʻi Island and Maui · 1–29 Jun 1940
E.A. Bessey in Hawaiʻi Island and Maui, 1–29 June 1940106 specimens · 13 stops · 29 days · 325 km
Harold St.John
3 islands · Mar – Apr 1949
Harold St.John in Niʻihau, Nihoa and Enewetak Atoll, March – April 1949101 specimens · 4 stops · 14 days · 4,437 km
A.A. Tam
Maui and Molokaʻi · 1–30 Mar 1952
A.A. Tam in Maui and Molokaʻi, 1–30 March 195278 specimens · 6 stops · 30 days · 204 km
Steven Perlman
4 islands · Mar – May 2007
Steven Perlman across 4 islands, March – May 200777 specimens · 9 stops · 50 days · 5,611 km
F. Salucop
Maui · Jul – Aug 1939
F. Salucop in Maui, July – August 193958 specimens · 10 stops · 36 days · 189 km
F. Raymond Fosberg
4 islands · Dec 1957 – Jan 1958
F. Raymond Fosberg across 4 islands, December 1957 – January 195861 specimens · 17 stops · 32 days · 36,429 km
Earl T. Ozaki
3 islands of the United States · Dec 1953 – Jan 1954
Earl T. Ozaki in Molokaʻi, Kauaʻi and Hawaiʻi Island, December 1953 – January 1954103 specimens · 5 stops · 11 days · 710 km
Lynette Williams
Molokaʻi · Dec 1938 – Jan 1939
Lynette Williams in Molokaʻi, December 1938 – January 193997 specimens · 4 stops · 15 days · 37 km
R.L. Stemmermann
Hawaiʻi Island and Maui · Mar – Jul 1980
R.L. Stemmermann in Hawaiʻi Island and Maui, March – July 198041 specimens · 18 stops · 132 days · 766 km
R.L. Stemmermann
Hawaiʻi Island and Maui · 7–28 Apr 1984
R.L. Stemmermann in Hawaiʻi Island and Maui, 7–28 April 198491 specimens · 4 stops · 22 days
W.H. Hatheway
Kauaʻi · Jan – Feb 1950
W.H. Hatheway in Kauaʻi, January – February 195073 specimens · 8 stops · 12 days
How a journey is found
Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.
A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.
Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.
