Journeys
The expeditions, reassembled
Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 1,039 journeys so far, 1879 to 2026, 190,135 specimens between them.
396 collectors and expeditions17,317 days in the field3,803,657 km between stops132,409 photographed specimens
1,039 journeys match
Maxwell S. Doty
the United States · 2–9 Jul 1944
Maxwell S. Doty in the United States, 2–9 July 194471 specimens · 8 stops · 8 days
J. Sand
Oʻahu · Nov – Dec 2014
J. Sand in Oʻahu, November – December 201456 specimens · 6 stops · 36 days · 528 km
C.E. Hartt
Oʻahu · Jun – Jul 1936
C.E. Hartt in Oʻahu, June – July 193665 specimens · 4 stops · 56 days · 336 km
J.C. Lindsay
Hawaiʻi Island · 21–29 Dec 1931
J.C. Lindsay in Hawaiʻi Island, 21–29 December 193168 specimens · 6 stops · 9 days
F. Raymond Fosberg
7 islands · May – Jun 1985
F. Raymond Fosberg across 7 islands, May – June 198565 specimens · 10 stops · 35 days · 36,228 km
J.W. Coulter
Hawaiʻi Island · 21–31 Dec 1931
J.W. Coulter in Hawaiʻi Island, 21–31 December 193171 specimens · 5 stops · 11 days
D.E. Yen
3 islands · Jul – Aug 1969
D.E. Yen in Futuna Island, 'Alofi Island and Molokaʻi, July – August 1969139 specimens · 2 stops · 7 days
Joseph F. Rock
Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu · 1–29 Dec 1955
Joseph F. Rock in Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu, 1–29 December 195557 specimens · 7 stops · 29 days · 459 km
L.M. Hodgson
3 islands of the United States · Jan – Mar 2000
L.M. Hodgson in Oʻahu, Maui and Midway Atoll, January – March 200042 specimens · 10 stops · 64 days · 2,463 km
Noel Louis Hilmer Krauss
7 islands · Jan – Mar 1960
Noel Louis Hilmer Krauss across 7 islands, January – March 196057 specimens · 7 stops · 58 days · 16,910 km
K. Ruis
Oʻahu · May – Aug 2024
K. Ruis in Oʻahu, May – August 202441 specimens · 10 stops · 86 days
John W. Beardsley
Laysan and Nihoa · Jun – Jul 1962
John W. Beardsley in Laysan and Nihoa, June – July 1962105 specimens · 6 stops · 31 days · 1,046 km
W.L. Stern
Kauaʻi and Oʻahu · 1–14 Aug 1961
W.L. Stern in Kauaʻi and Oʻahu, 1–14 August 196175 specimens · 4 stops · 14 days · 137 km
J.R. Shevock
Kauaʻi · 24–29 Sep 2014
J.R. Shevock in Kauaʻi, 24–29 September 201492 specimens · 5 stops · 6 days
W.Z. Ma
Kauaʻi · 24–29 Sep 2014
W.Z. Ma in Kauaʻi, 24–29 September 201492 specimens · 5 stops · 6 days
M.L. Lohman
Maui and Oʻahu · 1–30 Dec 1951
M.L. Lohman in Maui and Oʻahu, 1–30 December 195161 specimens · 13 stops · 30 days · 298 km
Noel Louis Hilmer Krauss
5 islands · Jan – Feb 1961
Noel Louis Hilmer Krauss across 5 islands, January – February 196149 specimens · 14 stops · 40 days · 5,401 km
Robert Hobdy
Molokaʻi and Lānaʻi · Mar – Apr 1985
Robert Hobdy in Molokaʻi and Lānaʻi, March – April 198548 specimens · 8 stops · 36 days · 215 km
S.P. Carper
Oʻahu · 11–16 May 1988
S.P. Carper in Oʻahu, 11–16 May 1988136 specimens · 2 stops · 6 days
Maxwell S. Doty
the United States · Dec 1941 – Mar 1942
Maxwell S. Doty in the United States, December 1941 – March 194253 specimens · 11 stops · 76 days
F. Salucop
Oʻahu · Feb – Apr 1937
F. Salucop in Oʻahu, February – April 193747 specimens · 8 stops · 52 days
Seymour H. Sohmer
Maui and Oʻahu · Aug – Sep 1970
Seymour H. Sohmer in Maui and Oʻahu, August – September 197059 specimens · 7 stops · 21 days · 135 km
A.V. Freire
Maui · Feb – Mar 2023
A.V. Freire in Maui, February – March 2023150 specimens · 3 stops · 23 days
David Palmer
Hawaiʻi Island and Maui · Jun – Jul 1991
David Palmer in Hawaiʻi Island and Maui, June – July 199145 specimens · 9 stops · 42 days · 376 km
How a journey is found
Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.
A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.
Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.
