Journeys
The expeditions, reassembled
Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 1,039 journeys so far, 1879 to 2026, 190,135 specimens between them.
396 collectors and expeditions17,317 days in the field3,803,657 km between stops132,409 photographed specimens
1,039 journeys match
Maxwell S. Doty
3 islands of the United States · Dec 1959 – Jan 1960
Maxwell S. Doty in Hawaiʻi Island, Palmyra Atoll and Oʻahu, December 1959 – January 196046 specimens · 9 stops · 24 days · 3,977 km
A.L. Young
Pearl and Hermes Atoll and Lisianski · 1–22 Aug 1964
A.L. Young in Pearl and Hermes Atoll and Lisianski, 1–22 August 196447 specimens · 5 stops · 22 days · 271 km
Timothy J. Gallaher
Oʻahu and Kauaʻi · 3–30 Sep 2010
Timothy J. Gallaher in Oʻahu and Kauaʻi, 3–30 September 201049 specimens · 4 stops · 28 days · 14,170 km
W.H. Hatheway
Hawaiʻi Island · Dec 1949 – Jan 1950
W.H. Hatheway in Hawaiʻi Island, December 1949 – January 195051 specimens · 5 stops · 11 days
Judson Linsley Gressitt
New Caledonia · Jan – Mar 1972
Judson Linsley Gressitt in New Caledonia, January – March 197251 specimens · 14 stops · 81 days · 1,654 km

Charles N. Forbes
Oʻahu · 1–17 Jul 1914
Charles N. Forbes in Oʻahu, 1–17 July 191478 specimens · 2 stops · 17 days · 20 km
Wayne C. Gagne
Hawaiʻi Island and Maui · Jun – Aug 1980
Wayne C. Gagne in Hawaiʻi Island and Maui, June – August 198051 specimens · 14 stops · 65 days · 122 km
G.T. Higuchi
Oʻahu · Apr – May 1971
G.T. Higuchi in Oʻahu, April – May 197143 specimens · 5 stops · 31 days · 166 km
Betsy H. Gagne
Maui · Jun – Aug 1973
Betsy H. Gagne in Maui, June – August 197348 specimens · 6 stops · 53 days · 42 km
H.O. Whittier
Oʻahu and Kauaʻi · Feb – Mar 1964
H.O. Whittier in Oʻahu and Kauaʻi, February – March 196443 specimens · 5 stops · 36 days · 509 km
E.J. Funk
Hawaiʻi Island and Palau · Nov – Dec 1990
E.J. Funk in Hawaiʻi Island and Palau, November – December 199078 specimens · 2 stops · 20 days
Amy Suehiro
Oʻahu · May – Jun 1932
Amy Suehiro in Oʻahu, May – June 193277 specimens · 2 stops · 18 days
C. Tousley
Maui and Molokaʻi · 1–15 Mar 1952
C. Tousley in Maui and Molokaʻi, 1–15 March 195279 specimens · 2 stops · 15 days · 101 km
Hank L. Oppenheimer
Molokaʻi and Lānaʻi · Nov 2006 – Jan 2007
Hank L. Oppenheimer in Molokaʻi and Lānaʻi, November 2006 – January 200753 specimens · 3 stops · 40 days · 47 km
Tanager Expedition
10 islands of the United States · Apr – Jun 1923
Tanager Expedition, April – June 192360 specimens · 8 stops · 62 days · 2,174 km
George W. Staples III
Hawaiʻi Island · 9–13 Jan 1991
George W. Staples III in Hawaiʻi Island, 9–13 January 199180 specimens · 3 stops · 5 days



Alfred F. Judd Jr
Hawaiʻi Island · 1–21 Mar 1919
Alfred F. Judd Jr in Hawaiʻi Island, 1–21 March 191940 specimens · 6 stops · 21 days · 135 km
William J. Hoe
Maui and Molokaʻi · 25–29 Jan 1965
William J. Hoe in Maui and Molokaʻi, 25–29 January 196553 specimens · 5 stops · 5 days · 122 km
Steven Perlman
Maui and Kauaʻi · Aug – Sep 2022
Steven Perlman in Maui and Kauaʻi, August – September 202250 specimens · 5 stops · 27 days · 338 km
Charles N. Forbes
the United States · Aug – Nov 1907
Charles N. Forbes in the United States, August – November 190748 specimens · 13 stops · 99 days
S. Ishikawa
Maui · Nov – Dec 1973
S. Ishikawa in Maui, November – December 197353 specimens · 5 stops · 5 days · 53 km
C.T. Imada
3 islands of the United States · Jul – Aug 2002
C.T. Imada in Maui, Lānaʻi and Kauaʻi, July – August 200255 specimens · 3 stops · 33 days · 420 km
H. Kennedy
3 islands · Aug – Sep 1979
H. Kennedy in Tahiti, Hawaiʻi Island and Upolu, August – September 197942 specimens · 11 stops · 33 days · 6,642 km
Roush
Oʻahu · Dec 1988 – Feb 1989
Roush in Oʻahu, December 1988 – February 198980 specimens · 4 stops · 60 days · 104 km
How a journey is found
Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.
A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.
Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.
