Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 143 journeys so far, 1940 to 1950, 30,990 specimens between them.

79 collectors and expeditions2,664 days in the field772,449 km between stops22,502 photographed specimens

Yoshio KondoKay Kondo

Oʻahu · Jul – Aug 1940

Yoshio KondoKay Kondo in Oʻahu, July – August 1940

132 specimens · 2 stops · 23 days · 53 km

T. Hosokawa

Pohnpei and Ponape · Aug – Sep 1940

T. Hosokawa in Pohnpei and Ponape, August – September 1940

59 specimens · 18 stops · 41 days

T. Hosokawa

5 islands · Jul – Sep 1941

T. Hosokawa across 5 islands, July – September 1941

62 specimens · 13 stops · 56 days · 829 km

M.L. Lohman

3 islands of the United States · Feb – Jun 1948

M.L. Lohman in Oʻahu, Kauaʻi and Hawaiʻi Island, February – June 1948

67 specimens · 21 stops · 125 days · 682 km

Edwin Horace Bryan Jr.

Kauaʻi · Jul – Aug 1940

Edwin Horace Bryan Jr. in Kauaʻi, July – August 1940

74 specimens · 8 stops · 11 days

H.F. Clay

Maui and Oʻahu · Dec 1948 – Jan 1949

H.F. Clay in Maui and Oʻahu, December 1948 – January 1949

49 specimens · 13 stops · 40 days · 311 km

James Lester Allen

Oʻahu · Jul – Aug 1948

James Lester Allen in Oʻahu, July – August 1948

55 specimens · 7 stops · 48 days · 420 km

John T. Buchholz

3 islands · Feb – Mar 1948

John T. Buchholz in New Caledonia, Isle Of Pines and New Guinea, February – March 1948

62 specimens · 13 stops · 51 days

Aloisio Tabualewa

Viti Levu · Jun – Jul 1941

Aloisio Tabualewa in Viti Levu, June – July 1941

75 specimens · 8 stops · 36 days

M.E. Kerr

Hawaiʻi Island and Maui · Aug – Sep 1949

M.E. Kerr in Hawaiʻi Island and Maui, August – September 1949

62 specimens · 9 stops · 12 days · 21 km

Lynette Williams

4 islands of New Caledonia · Oct – Nov 1940

Lynette Williams across 4 islands of New Caledonia, October – November 1940

60 specimens · 7 stops · 29 days · 3,339 km

Katherine Luomala

Tabiteuea and Onotoa · Oct – Dec 1948

Katherine Luomala in Tabiteuea and Onotoa, October – December 1948

62 specimens · 10 stops · 58 days

M. Nishimoto

Oʻahu · Mar – May 1945

M. Nishimoto in Oʻahu, March – May 1945

45 specimens · 9 stops · 71 days

Maxwell S. Doty

the United States · 2–9 Jul 1944

Maxwell S. Doty in the United States, 2–9 July 1944

71 specimens · 8 stops · 8 days

W.J. Semmens

Oʻahu · Jun – Jul 1940

W.J. Semmens in Oʻahu, June – July 1940

66 specimens · 4 stops · 40 days · 266 km

Maxwell S. Doty

the United States · Dec 1941 – Mar 1942

Maxwell S. Doty in the United States, December 1941 – March 1942

53 specimens · 11 stops · 76 days

Harold St.John

Hawaiʻi Island and Kauaʻi · Dec 1949 – Jan 1950

Harold St.John in Hawaiʻi Island and Kauaʻi, December 1949 – January 1950

63 specimens · 6 stops · 13 days · 450 km

H.H. Bartlett

Hispaniola · May – Jun 1941

H.H. Bartlett in Hispaniola, May – June 1941

57 specimens · 6 stops · 32 days

G. Cottam

Molokaʻi · 19–27 Dec 1948

G. Cottam in Molokaʻi, 19–27 December 1948

83 specimens · 4 stops · 9 days · 71 km

Isabelle Abbott

Marthas Vineyard · Jul – Aug 1947

Isabelle Abbott in Marthas Vineyard, July – August 1947

42 specimens · 12 stops · 41 days

Donald P. Rogers

Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island · Feb – Mar 1946

Donald P. Rogers in Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island, February – March 1946

44 specimens · 9 stops · 35 days · 826 km

R.W. Krauss

Maui and Oʻahu · Aug – Sep 1948

R.W. Krauss in Maui and Oʻahu, August – September 1948

45 specimens · 8 stops · 38 days · 351 km

Annie Montague Alexander

3 islands of the United States · Apr – May 1948

Annie Montague Alexander in Maui, Kauaʻi and Hawaiʻi Island, April – May 1948

48 specimens · 6 stops · 31 days · 484 km

David A. Walker

Oʻahu · 4–27 Jul 1947

David A. Walker in Oʻahu, 4–27 July 1947

65 specimens · 3 stops · 24 days · 251 km

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.

A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.

Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.