Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 41 journeys so far, 1991 to 1994, 3,799 specimens between them.

13 collectors and expeditions458 days in the field19,183 km between stops3,145 photographed specimens

Benjamin C. Stone

4 islands of the Philippines · Nov 1991 – Feb 1992

Benjamin C. Stone across 4 islands of the Philippines, November 1991 – February 1992

43 specimens · 11 stops · 77 days · 613 km

E.B. Barbon

Luzon and Olango · Nov – Dec 1991

E.B. Barbon in Luzon and Olango, November – December 1991

72 specimens · 7 stops · 15 days

Garcia

Luzon and Olango · Nov – Dec 1991

Garcia in Luzon and Olango, November – December 1991

72 specimens · 7 stops · 15 days

F.J.M. Gaerlan

3 islands of the Philippines · Feb – Apr 1992

F.J.M. Gaerlan in Panay, Mindanao and Luzon, February – April 1992

54 specimens · 9 stops · 62 days · 973 km

Pedersen

Luzon · Mar – Apr 1994

Pedersen in Luzon, March – April 1994

60 specimens · 5 stops · 15 days · 306 km

F.J.M. Gaerlan

Mindanao and Luzon · 5–22 Jul 1991

F.J.M. Gaerlan in Mindanao and Luzon, 5–22 July 1991

76 specimens · 4 stops · 18 days · 973 km

Fuentes

Luzon and Mindanao · Apr – May 1992

Fuentes in Luzon and Mindanao, April – May 1992

65 specimens · 4 stops · 33 days · 972 km

Fuentes

Palawan and Luzon · Jun – Jul 1993

Fuentes in Palawan and Luzon, June – July 1993

95 specimens · 2 stops · 27 days · 852 km

E.J. Reynoso

Luzon · Nov – Dec 1991

E.J. Reynoso in Luzon, November – December 1991

47 specimens · 5 stops · 26 days

E.B. Barbon

Luzon · Aug – Sep 1991

E.B. Barbon in Luzon, August – September 1991

65 specimens · 5 stops · 11 days

F.J.M. Gaerlan

Luzon and Mindanao · Apr – May 1991

F.J.M. Gaerlan in Luzon and Mindanao, April – May 1991

57 specimens · 5 stops · 33 days · 1,945 km

Garcia

Negros and Luzon · May – Jun 1991

Garcia in Negros and Luzon, May – June 1991

49 specimens · 6 stops · 26 days

Garcia

Luzon · Aug – Sep 1991

Garcia in Luzon, August – September 1991

62 specimens · 4 stops · 9 days

E.B. Barbon

Luzon and Leyte · Oct – Nov 1992

E.B. Barbon in Luzon and Leyte, October – November 1992

41 specimens · 5 stops · 35 days

Romero

Luzon · 1–15 Jul 1994

Romero in Luzon, 1–15 July 1994

62 specimens · 2 stops · 15 days · 93 km

F.J.M. Gaerlan

Luzon · Aug – Sep 1992

F.J.M. Gaerlan in Luzon, August – September 1992

46 specimens · 4 stops · 10 days

Fuentes

Luzon · 1–15 Jul 1994

Fuentes in Luzon, 1–15 July 1994

42 specimens · 2 stops · 15 days · 93 km

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.

A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.

Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.