Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 1,954 journeys so far, 1874 to 2026, 349,432 specimens between them.

830 collectors and expeditions34,320 days in the field7,297,183 km between stops244,553 photographed specimens

Edwin Horace Bryan Jr.

Oʻahu and Maui · Dec 1928 – Feb 1929

Edwin Horace Bryan Jr. in Oʻahu and Maui, December 1928 – February 1929

244 specimens · 12 stops · 88 days · 650 km

Paul K. Higashino

Maui · Jun – Aug 1976

Paul K. Higashino in Maui, June – August 1976

229 specimens · 12 stops · 68 days · 162 km

Robert Hobdy

17 islands · Apr – Aug 1982

Robert Hobdy across 17 islands, April – August 1982

250 specimens · 24 stops · 106 days · 16,977 km

A.R.H. Lamberton

4 islands of the United States · May – Jul 1953

A.R.H. Lamberton across 4 islands of the United States, May – July 1953

292 specimens · 31 stops · 36 days · 445 km

G.T. Velasquez

Catanduanes and Luzon · Apr – May 1958

G.T. Velasquez in Catanduanes and Luzon, April – May 1958

338 specimens · 7 stops · 36 days · 640 km

Kenneth R. Wood

4 islands of the United States · Mar – May 2005

Kenneth R. Wood across 4 islands of the United States, March – May 2005

202 specimens · 17 stops · 58 days · 2,044 km

H.U. Stauffer

10 islands · Dec 1963 – Apr 1964

H.U. Stauffer across 10 islands, December 1963 – April 1964

165 specimens · 43 stops · 140 days · 17,939 km

Alfred F. Judd Jr

Molokaʻi and Hawaiʻi Island · Jul – Aug 1925

Alfred F. Judd Jr in Molokaʻi and Hawaiʻi Island, July – August 1925

242 specimens · 11 stops · 60 days · 237 km

Donald Anderson

Oʻahu · May – Jul 1937

Donald Anderson in Oʻahu, May – July 1937

404 specimens · 3 stops · 67 days · 90 km

J.S. Burley

3 islands of Indonesia · Feb – Mar 1990

J.S. Burley in Sulawesi, Suluwesi and Celebes, February – March 1990

198 specimens · 22 stops · 33 days · 3,146 km

J.T. Conover

3 islands · May – Dec 1945

J.T. Conover in Okinawa, Luzon and Saipan, May – December 1945

141 specimens · 32 stops · 207 days · 4,946 km

M.L. Lohman

3 islands of the United States · Jun – Sep 1948

M.L. Lohman in Maui, Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu, June – September 1948

245 specimens · 33 stops · 83 days · 1,064 km

C.E. Hubbard

4 islands of Australia · Apr 1930 – Jan 1931

C.E. Hubbard across 4 islands of Australia, April 1930 – January 1931

122 specimens · 50 stops · 275 days

Ralph C. DeFelice

Oʻahu and Molokaʻi · 2–19 Nov 1999

Ralph C. DeFelice in Oʻahu and Molokaʻi, 2–19 November 1999

722 specimens · 5 stops · 18 days · 118 km

A.D. Tribollet

3 islands · Mar – Apr 2006

A.D. Tribollet in Kingman Reef, Jarvis Island and Rose Atoll, March – April 2006

546 specimens · 4 stops · 31 days · 5,032 km

Hugh Shaw MacKee

9 islands · Jul – Sep 1955

Hugh Shaw MacKee across 9 islands, July – September 1955

222 specimens · 28 stops · 64 days · 5,455 km

Charles N. Forbes

5 islands of the United States · Jun – Sep 1910

Charles N. Forbes across 5 islands of the United States, June – September 1910

246 specimens · 9 stops · 65 days · 763 km

Steven Perlman

5 islands of the United States · Sep 2012 – Mar 2013

Steven Perlman across 5 islands of the United States, September 2012 – March 2013

132 specimens · 40 stops · 170 days · 3,709 km

C.R. Long

9 islands · Jun – Jul 1965

C.R. Long across 9 islands, June – July 1965

244 specimens · 17 stops · 33 days · 2,563 km

Wayne C. Gagne

4 islands of the United States · Jan – Nov 1970

Wayne C. Gagne across 4 islands of the United States, January – November 1970

150 specimens · 60 stops · 305 days · 3,577 km

Isa Degener

6 islands · Apr – Sep 1964

Isa Degener across 6 islands, April – September 1964

153 specimens · 55 stops · 146 days · 10,662 km

Johnson Randall

9 islands · Jul – Oct 1967

Johnson Randall across 9 islands, July – October 1967

303 specimens · 29 stops · 95 days · 2,620 km

W.A. Whistler

3 islands · Jun – Aug 1972

W.A. Whistler in Upolu, Savaii and Tutuila, June – August 1972

175 specimens · 25 stops · 53 days · 464 km

S. Sonohara

Okinawa and Ie Island · Jul – Aug 1951

S. Sonohara in Okinawa and Ie Island, July – August 1951

195 specimens · 20 stops · 32 days

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.

A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.

Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.