Journeys
The expeditions, reassembled
Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 1,954 journeys so far, 1874 to 2026, 349,432 specimens between them.
830 collectors and expeditions34,320 days in the field7,297,183 km between stops244,553 photographed specimens
1,954 journeys match
D.B. Sumithraarachchi
Sri Lanka · 25–29 Oct 1975
D.B. Sumithraarachchi in Sri Lanka, 25–29 October 1975320 specimens · 5 stops · 5 days



Clarence C.Y. Wong
Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island · May – Aug 1951
Clarence C.Y. Wong in Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island, May – August 1951141 specimens · 13 stops · 114 days · 926 km
Edwin B. Bartram
4 islands of the United States · Jan – Feb 1930
Edwin B. Bartram across 4 islands of the United States, January – February 1930135 specimens · 23 stops · 47 days · 800 km
Townsend-Cromwell Survey TC
4 islands of the United States · Jun – Jul 1991
Townsend-Cromwell Survey TC, June – July 1991483 specimens · 6 stops · 17 days · 2,239 km
Whitney Expedition
27 islands of French Polynesia · Feb – Jul 1923
Whitney Expedition, February – July 1923157 specimens · 34 stops · 154 days · 1,174 km
Harold St.John
3 islands of the United States · Dec 1948 – Jan 1949
Harold St.John in Molokaʻi, Niʻihau and Oʻahu, December 1948 – January 1949219 specimens · 8 stops · 25 days · 490 km

Harold St.John
5 islands · Jun – Aug 1947
Harold St.John across 5 islands, June – August 1947162 specimens · 13 stops · 63 days · 23,782 km
L.A.C. Craven
4 islands of Papua New Guinea · Jul – Sep 1964
L.A.C. Craven across 4 islands of Papua New Guinea, July – September 1964116 specimens · 43 stops · 85 days · 1,230 km
Derral R. Herbst
5 islands · Feb – Apr 1988
Derral R. Herbst across 5 islands, February – April 1988201 specimens · 16 stops · 49 days · 7,903 km
J.R. Croft
3 islands of Papua New Guinea · Aug – Oct 1974
J.R. Croft in Lavongai, New Ireland and Fergusson Island, August – October 1974152 specimens · 14 stops · 60 days · 4,346 km
J.A. Shafer
Cuba · Jan – May 1909
J.A. Shafer in Cuba, January – May 1909175 specimens · 52 stops · 102 days
Johnson Randall
5 islands · Jun – Dec 1971
Johnson Randall across 5 islands, June – December 1971221 specimens · 23 stops · 158 days · 27,137 km
Paul K. Higashino
Maui and Hawaiʻi Island · Jun – Jul 1975
Paul K. Higashino in Maui and Hawaiʻi Island, June – July 1975158 specimens · 12 stops · 52 days · 377 km
Paul K. Higashino
Molokaʻi and Hawaiʻi Island · May – Aug 1979
Paul K. Higashino in Molokaʻi and Hawaiʻi Island, May – August 1979138 specimens · 22 stops · 72 days · 976 km
P. Longley
Hawaiʻi Island · 19–31 Dec 1937
P. Longley in Hawaiʻi Island, 19–31 December 1937209 specimens · 9 stops · 13 days
Jacques Florence
4 islands · Apr – Jul 1991
Jacques Florence across 4 islands, April – July 1991294 specimens · 7 stops · 85 days · 5,985 km
R. Melville
3 islands of New Zealand · Oct 1961 – Jan 1962
R. Melville in North Island, New Zealand and South Island, October 1961 – January 1962137 specimens · 21 stops · 100 days · 40,252 km
Steven Perlman
9 islands · Sep – Dec 2008
Steven Perlman across 9 islands, September – December 2008122 specimens · 20 stops · 81 days · 10,371 km
G.W. Gillett
3 islands of the United States · Jan – May 1964
G.W. Gillett in Oʻahu, Kauaʻi and Maui, January – May 1964114 specimens · 22 stops · 121 days · 912 km

Gerrit Parmele Wilder
7 islands · Aug – Sep 1923
Gerrit Parmele Wilder across 7 islands, August – September 1923171 specimens · 15 stops · 36 days · 5,391 km
M. Jayasuriya
Sri Lanka · Oct – Nov 1973
M. Jayasuriya in Sri Lanka, October – November 1973200 specimens · 7 stops · 39 days
Otto Degener
3 islands of the United States · Oct 1948 – Apr 1949
Otto Degener in Maui, Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island, October 1948 – April 1949115 specimens · 24 stops · 160 days · 1,125 km
Harold St.John
3 islands · 4–15 Apr 1938
Harold St.John in Lānaʻi, Maui and Rotuma, 4–15 April 1938248 specimens · 6 stops · 12 days · 4,846 km
M.V.C. Falanruw
3 islands of the Northern Mariana Islands · Apr – May 1982
M.V.C. Falanruw in Rota, Tinian and Saipan, April – May 1982265 specimens · 14 stops · 19 days · 217 km
How a journey is found
Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.
A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.
Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.
