Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 1,954 journeys so far, 1874 to 2026, 349,432 specimens between them.

830 collectors and expeditions34,320 days in the field7,297,183 km between stops244,553 photographed specimens

A. AllisonA Allison

Papua New Guinea · Mar – Apr 2014

A. AllisonA Allison in Papua New Guinea, March – April 2014

98 specimens · 17 stops · 28 days

Thane K. Pratt

Papua New Guinea · Mar – Apr 2014

Thane K. Pratt in Papua New Guinea, March – April 2014

98 specimens · 17 stops · 28 days

K.J. Geisler

4 islands · 7–23 Feb 2001

K.J. Geisler across 4 islands, 7–23 February 2001

233 specimens · 5 stops · 17 days · 2,731 km

Steven Perlman

6 islands · Apr – Jul 2004

Steven Perlman across 6 islands, April – July 2004

114 specimens · 22 stops · 110 days · 9,780 km

H.A. Woolford

4 islands of the United States · 1–31 Dec 1954

H.A. Woolford across 4 islands of the United States, 1–31 December 1954

116 specimens · 10 stops · 31 days

Earl T. Ozaki

Hawaiʻi Island · 1–31 Dec 1954

Earl T. Ozaki in Hawaiʻi Island, 1–31 December 1954

117 specimens · 11 stops · 31 days

L.K. Croft

Hawaiʻi Island · Jun – Aug 1977

L.K. Croft in Hawaiʻi Island, June – August 1977

123 specimens · 7 stops · 56 days

E. Hegewald

Jamaica · Jul – Nov 1973

E. Hegewald in Jamaica, July – November 1973

76 specimens · 21 stops · 106 days

Benjamin C. Stone

3 islands · Aug – Sep 1961

Benjamin C. Stone in Kauaʻi, Oʻahu and New Caledonia, August – September 1961

94 specimens · 16 stops · 48 days · 15,390 km

Clarence C.Y. Wong

Yap and Gagil-Tamil · Jan – Mar 1948

Clarence C.Y. Wong in Yap and Gagil-Tamil, January – March 1948

307 specimens · 2 stops · 67 days · 871 km

M.-H Sachet

5 islands of French Polynesia · Jun – Jul 1982

M.-H Sachet across 5 islands of French Polynesia, June – July 1982

169 specimens · 12 stops · 28 days · 297 km

R.J. Baker

Oʻahu and Kauaʻi · Apr – Jun 1975

R.J. Baker in Oʻahu and Kauaʻi, April – June 1975

114 specimens · 10 stops · 66 days

C. Squair

Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu · Jul – Aug 2006

C. Squair in Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu, July – August 2006

205 specimens · 3 stops · 24 days · 113 km

M. Merello

Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island · Jul – Aug 1992

M. Merello in Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island, July – August 1992

152 specimens · 7 stops · 11 days · 502 km

J.S. Miller

Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island · Jul – Aug 1992

J.S. Miller in Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island, July – August 1992

152 specimens · 7 stops · 11 days · 502 km

C.H. Lamoureux

Maui and Oʻahu · 6–16 Aug 1967

C.H. Lamoureux in Maui and Oʻahu, 6–16 August 1967

193 specimens · 4 stops · 11 days · 45 km

G.A. Pearsall

Maui · 1–31 Dec 1955

G.A. Pearsall in Maui, 1–31 December 1955

125 specimens · 9 stops · 31 days · 79 km

K.U. Kramer

3 islands · Oct – Nov 1980

K.U. Kramer in Taiwan, Formosa and Orchid Island, October – November 1980

78 specimens · 27 stops · 46 days

Isa Degener

3 islands of the United States · Mar – May 1959

Isa Degener in Maui, Molokaʻi and Oʻahu, March – May 1959

108 specimens · 11 stops · 39 days · 864 km

Gerrit Parmele Wilder

3 islands · Jul – Dec 1926

Gerrit Parmele Wilder in Moorea, Tahiti and Penrhyn Atoll, July – December 1926

77 specimens · 29 stops · 145 days · 451 km

L.M. Hodgson

3 islands · Oct – Nov 1994

L.M. Hodgson in Ant Atoll, Maui and Pohnpei, October – November 1994

134 specimens · 7 stops · 37 days · 5,292 km

Otto Herman Swezey

6 islands · Jul – Sep 1923

Otto Herman Swezey across 6 islands, July – September 1923

95 specimens · 15 stops · 64 days · 824 km

Roy Tsuda

Fanning (=Tabuaeran) · Jul – Aug 1972

Roy Tsuda in Fanning (=Tabuaeran), July – August 1972

131 specimens · 14 stops · 42 days

F. Raymond Fosberg

4 islands of the United States · 9–27 Mar 1961

F. Raymond Fosberg across 4 islands of the United States, 9–27 March 1961

105 specimens · 15 stops · 19 days · 925 km

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.

A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.

Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.