Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 1,954 journeys so far, 1874 to 2026, 349,432 specimens between them.

830 collectors and expeditions34,320 days in the field7,297,183 km between stops244,553 photographed specimens

Gerrit Parmele Wilder

5 islands · Mar – Aug 1927

Gerrit Parmele Wilder across 5 islands, March – August 1927

69 specimens · 28 stops · 155 days · 13,558 km

C.F. Puttock

Maui and Hawaiʻi Island · Jan – Feb 2001

C.F. Puttock in Maui and Hawaiʻi Island, January – February 2001

267 specimens · 5 stops · 16 days · 508 km

Donald Anderson

Oʻahu · Apr – May 1959

Donald Anderson in Oʻahu, April – May 1959

79 specimens · 18 stops · 59 days · 252 km

P.L. Beesley

Australia and Lady Musgrave · Nov – Dec 1986

P.L. Beesley in Australia and Lady Musgrave, November – December 1986

108 specimens · 11 stops · 22 days · 818 km

L.A.C. Craven

New Guinea · Jan – Apr 1966

L.A.C. Craven in New Guinea, January – April 1966

73 specimens · 22 stops · 102 days · 1,525 km

A. Gebo

New Guinea and Papua · Jun – Jul 1972

A. Gebo in New Guinea and Papua, June – July 1972

118 specimens · 11 stops · 15 days · 569 km

H. Gassner

3 islands · Oct – Nov 1980

H. Gassner in Taiwan, Formosa and Orchid Island, October – November 1980

73 specimens · 27 stops · 46 days

Jr.William Ellsworth Fisher Jr.

Maui and Hawaiʻi Island · Jan – Feb 2001

Jr.William Ellsworth Fisher Jr. in Maui and Hawaiʻi Island, January – February 2001

263 specimens · 5 stops · 16 days · 508 km

Otto Degener

Lānaʻi and Oʻahu · Jul – Aug 1957

Otto Degener in Lānaʻi and Oʻahu, July – August 1957

107 specimens · 9 stops · 52 days · 554 km

Joseph F. Rock

Kauaʻi and Oʻahu · 1–24 Oct 1911

Joseph F. Rock in Kauaʻi and Oʻahu, 1–24 October 1911

148 specimens · 5 stops · 24 days

R.J.J. Rudd

Australia · Apr – May 1991

R.J.J. Rudd in Australia, April – May 1991

85 specimens · 21 stops · 23 days · 2,600 km

Fernando

3 islands of the Philippines · May – Jun 1992

Fernando in Luzon, Sibuyan and Mindanao, May – June 1992

118 specimens · 7 stops · 38 days · 1,567 km

Ernani Meñez

4 islands of the Philippines · Feb – Mar 1958

Ernani Meñez across 4 islands of the Philippines, February – March 1958

156 specimens · 5 stops · 23 days · 117 km

C.R. Annable

4 islands of the United States · Jan – Mar 1998

C.R. Annable across 4 islands of the United States, January – March 1998

97 specimens · 10 stops · 53 days · 1,111 km

Derral R. Herbst

6 islands of the United States · Jul – Sep 1978

Derral R. Herbst across 6 islands of the United States, July – September 1978

97 specimens · 10 stops · 65 days · 2,116 km

E. Zogg

3 islands · Oct – Nov 1980

E. Zogg in Taiwan, Formosa and Orchid Island, October – November 1980

72 specimens · 27 stops · 46 days

Jan Newhouse

5 islands · Jul – Aug 1968

Jan Newhouse across 5 islands, July – August 1968

98 specimens · 10 stops · 50 days · 6,701 km

L.B. Moore

3 islands of New Zealand · 2–15 Nov 1961

L.B. Moore in North Island, New Zealand and South Island, 2–15 November 1961

104 specimens · 13 stops · 14 days · 8,015 km

van Balgooy

New Guinea · Apr – Jul 1965

van Balgooy in New Guinea, April – July 1965

102 specimens · 9 stops · 74 days · 1,118 km

D. Mueller-Dombois

12 islands · Oct – Dec 1981

D. Mueller-Dombois across 12 islands, October – December 1981

139 specimens · 18 stops · 53 days · 3,711 km

P. Katik

Manus Island and Umboi Island · Sep – Nov 1974

P. Katik in Manus Island and Umboi Island, September – November 1974

100 specimens · 10 stops · 58 days · 978 km

Ernest H. Quayle

14 islands · Apr – May 1922

Ernest H. Quayle across 14 islands, April – May 1922

112 specimens · 12 stops · 40 days · 3,640 km

J.R. Conway

4 islands · Jun – Aug 1967

J.R. Conway across 4 islands, June – August 1967

83 specimens · 17 stops · 68 days

E.J. Reynoso

3 islands of the Philippines · Jan – Feb 1992

E.J. Reynoso in Luzon, Visayas and Sibuyan, January – February 1992

119 specimens · 8 stops · 28 days

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.

A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.

Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.