Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 1,954 journeys so far, 1874 to 2026, 349,432 specimens between them.

830 collectors and expeditions34,320 days in the field7,297,183 km between stops244,553 photographed specimens

Derral R. Herbst

3 islands of the United States · Apr – Jun 1978

Derral R. Herbst in Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi Island and Kauaʻi, April – June 1978

102 specimens · 6 stops · 43 days · 778 km

G.P. Buelow

8 islands of Tonga · Apr – Aug 1978

G.P. Buelow across 8 islands of Tonga, April – August 1978

70 specimens · 38 stops · 148 days

D. Paquin

Oʻahu · Aug – Oct 1986

D. Paquin in Oʻahu, August – October 1986

79 specimens · 11 stops · 64 days

U. Nagendra

8 islands · Jun – Jul 2022

U. Nagendra across 8 islands, June – July 2022

86 specimens · 12 stops · 18 days

G.P. Buelow

5 islands of Tonga · Jan – May 1979

G.P. Buelow across 5 islands of Tonga, January – May 1979

73 specimens · 28 stops · 121 days

Yoshio KondoKay Kondo

4 islands · May – Aug 1962

Yoshio KondoKay Kondo across 4 islands, May – August 1962

76 specimens · 12 stops · 89 days · 12,838 km

Jacques Florence

3 islands of French Polynesia · Mar – Apr 1990

Jacques Florence in Niau, Toau and Mehetia Island, March – April 1990

156 specimens · 7 stops · 33 days · 1,558 km

C.H. Lamoureux

5 islands of the United States · 1–14 Sep 1961

C.H. Lamoureux across 5 islands of the United States, 1–14 September 1961

109 specimens · 8 stops · 14 days · 1,751 km

Otto Herman Swezey

Maui and Molokaʻi · Dec 1928 – Feb 1929

Otto Herman Swezey in Maui and Molokaʻi, December 1928 – February 1929

130 specimens · 11 stops · 61 days · 104 km

Y. Lelean

New Britain and Poi Island · May – Jun 1973

Y. Lelean in New Britain and Poi Island, May – June 1973

95 specimens · 8 stops · 38 days · 661 km

M.A. Weiner

4 islands · Sep – Oct 1969

M.A. Weiner across 4 islands, September – October 1969

108 specimens · 12 stops · 28 days

Maxwell S. Doty

3 islands of the United States · Mar – May 1965

Maxwell S. Doty in Maui, Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu, March – May 1965

99 specimens · 11 stops · 79 days · 1,350 km

Maxwell S. Doty

Squaw and Raroia Atoll · Jun – Aug 1942

Maxwell S. Doty in Squaw and Raroia Atoll, June – August 1942

65 specimens · 25 stops · 87 days

George Campbell Munro

Maui · Oct 1927 – Jan 1928

George Campbell Munro in Maui, October 1927 – January 1928

75 specimens · 12 stops · 80 days · 186 km

George Campbell Munro

Oʻahu · Jan – May 1950

George Campbell Munro in Oʻahu, January – May 1950

53 specimens · 27 stops · 113 days · 1,261 km

Paul K. Higashino

Hawaiʻi Island and Maui · Mar – Apr 1984

Paul K. Higashino in Hawaiʻi Island and Maui, March – April 1984

112 specimens · 5 stops · 36 days · 132 km

W.J. Gilbert

6 islands · Jun – Aug 1963

W.J. Gilbert across 6 islands, June – August 1963

69 specimens · 15 stops · 62 days · 5,418 km

Warren L. Wagner Jr.

Taiwan · 7–25 Sep 1991

Warren L. Wagner Jr. in Taiwan, 7–25 September 1991

88 specimens · 11 stops · 19 days · 505 km

A. Meebold

Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu · Apr – May 1932

A. Meebold in Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu, April – May 1932

147 specimens · 3 stops · 31 days · 230 km

Neth. Ind. For. Service

4 islands of Indonesia · Jan – Apr 1937

Neth. Ind. For. Service, January – April 1937

59 specimens · 20 stops · 92 days · 8,980 km

William Robert Barker

New Guinea · Mar – May 1975

William Robert Barker in New Guinea, March – May 1975

138 specimens · 3 stops · 82 days · 706 km

Hessler Brown

13 islands of French Polynesia · Aug – Dec 1922

Hessler Brown across 13 islands of French Polynesia, August – December 1922

74 specimens · 29 stops · 137 days · 9,305 km

M.S. Allen

Hawaiʻi Island and Maui · Mar – Apr 1984

M.S. Allen in Hawaiʻi Island and Maui, March – April 1984

111 specimens · 5 stops · 36 days · 132 km

P. Katik

3 islands of Papua New Guinea · 1–29 Mar 1979

P. Katik in Rossel Island, Tagula Island and Misima Island, 1–29 March 1979

97 specimens · 9 stops · 29 days · 570 km

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.

A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.

Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.