Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 1,954 journeys so far, 1874 to 2026, 349,432 specimens between them.

830 collectors and expeditions34,320 days in the field7,297,183 km between stops244,553 photographed specimens

G. George D. Peterson

4 islands of the Northern Mariana Islands · May – Jun 1952

G. George D. Peterson across 4 islands of the Northern Mariana Islands, May – June 1952

86 specimens · 4 stops · 23 days · 62 km

T. Hosokawa

5 islands · Jul – Sep 1941

T. Hosokawa across 5 islands, July – September 1941

62 specimens · 13 stops · 56 days · 829 km

N. Semard

New Britain · 4–17 Nov 2016

N. Semard in New Britain, 4–17 November 2016

106 specimens · 3 stops · 14 days

I. Engilis

New Britain · 4–17 Nov 2016

I. Engilis in New Britain, 4–17 November 2016

106 specimens · 3 stops · 14 days

A. Hitch

New Britain · 4–17 Nov 2016

A. Hitch in New Britain, 4–17 November 2016

106 specimens · 3 stops · 14 days

H. Maraia

New Britain · 4–17 Nov 2016

H. Maraia in New Britain, 4–17 November 2016

106 specimens · 3 stops · 14 days

J. Trochet

New Britain · 4–17 Nov 2016

J. Trochet in New Britain, 4–17 November 2016

106 specimens · 3 stops · 14 days

Otto Herman Swezey

Molokaʻi · 1–23 Dec 1925

Otto Herman Swezey in Molokaʻi, 1–23 December 1925

122 specimens · 4 stops · 23 days · 4 km

L.M. Hodgson

Maui and Oʻahu · Mar – Apr 1994

L.M. Hodgson in Maui and Oʻahu, March – April 1994

64 specimens · 7 stops · 34 days · 287 km

F.R. Warshauer

Lānaʻi · 2–9 Apr 1979

F.R. Warshauer in Lānaʻi, 2–9 April 1979

83 specimens · 7 stops · 8 days

Jacques Florence

Moorea and Makatea · Dec 1981 – Jan 1982

Jacques Florence in Moorea and Makatea, December 1981 – January 1982

114 specimens · 6 stops · 22 days · 282 km

Yoshio Miyashiro

Oʻahu · Dec 1957 – Apr 1958

Yoshio Miyashiro in Oʻahu, December 1957 – April 1958

47 specimens · 10 stops · 118 days · 262 km

E.J. Judziewicz

Maui · Feb – Mar 2023

E.J. Judziewicz in Maui, February – March 2023

151 specimens · 4 stops · 32 days

I. Adachi

Sri Lanka · Feb – Mar 1987

I. Adachi in Sri Lanka, February – March 1987

58 specimens · 11 stops · 16 days

E.S.C. Handy

4 islands of the United States · Jul – Sep 1931

E.S.C. Handy across 4 islands of the United States, July – September 1931

71 specimens · 5 stops · 43 days · 1,582 km

A.Y. Yoshinaga

4 islands of the United States · Jul – Aug 1967

A.Y. Yoshinaga across 4 islands of the United States, July – August 1967

64 specimens · 8 stops · 43 days · 555 km

Noel Louis Hilmer Krauss

Maui · Jun – Oct 1929

Noel Louis Hilmer Krauss in Maui, June – October 1929

74 specimens · 18 stops · 121 days

W.A. Whistler

4 islands of the Cook Islands · Jul – Aug 1986

W.A. Whistler across 4 islands of the Cook Islands, July – August 1986

56 specimens · 20 stops · 58 days · 5,124 km

Steven Perlman

4 islands of the United States · Jun – Jul 2007

Steven Perlman across 4 islands of the United States, June – July 2007

53 specimens · 10 stops · 37 days · 644 km

M.L. Lohman

3 islands of the United States · Feb – Jun 1948

M.L. Lohman in Oʻahu, Kauaʻi and Hawaiʻi Island, February – June 1948

67 specimens · 21 stops · 125 days · 682 km

K.W. Duker

Oʻahu · Oct – Dec 1932

K.W. Duker in Oʻahu, October – December 1932

48 specimens · 11 stops · 72 days

P.E. Eperiam

Pohnpei and Micronesia · Feb – May 2006

P.E. Eperiam in Pohnpei and Micronesia, February – May 2006

54 specimens · 12 stops · 95 days · 780 km

James A. Kwon

Rota and Guam · Jul – Aug 2012

James A. Kwon in Rota and Guam, July – August 2012

63 specimens · 10 stops · 10 days · 16,939 km

Ann Marie Gawel

Rota and Guam · Jul – Aug 2012

Ann Marie Gawel in Rota and Guam, July – August 2012

63 specimens · 10 stops · 10 days · 16,939 km

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.

A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.

Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.