Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 1,954 journeys so far, 1874 to 2026, 349,432 specimens between them.

830 collectors and expeditions34,320 days in the field7,297,183 km between stops244,553 photographed specimens

C.L. Harrington

Rota and Guam · Jul – Aug 2012

C.L. Harrington in Rota and Guam, July – August 2012

63 specimens · 10 stops · 10 days · 16,939 km

Joe Ward

4 islands of Palau · May – Jun 1996

Joe Ward across 4 islands of Palau, May – June 1996

93 specimens · 8 stops · 35 days · 1,015 km

Afrastini Ismail

New Guinea · 15–26 May 1991

Afrastini Ismail in New Guinea, 15–26 May 1991

110 specimens · 3 stops · 12 days · 667 km

H. Morley

Hawaiʻi Island · Jul – Aug 1934

H. Morley in Hawaiʻi Island, July – August 1934

62 specimens · 7 stops · 33 days · 35 km

A. Mouly

5 islands of French Polynesia · Jun – Jul 2004

A. Mouly across 5 islands of French Polynesia, June – July 2004

60 specimens · 17 stops · 37 days · 1,785 km

M.L. Bristol

Savaii · Aug – Sep 1968

M.L. Bristol in Savaii, August – September 1968

96 specimens · 7 stops · 30 days

Romero

Leyte · Feb – Mar 1993

Romero in Leyte, February – March 1993

66 specimens · 7 stops · 34 days

P.H. McEldowney

Kauaʻi and Molokaʻi · May – Jun 1981

P.H. McEldowney in Kauaʻi and Molokaʻi, May – June 1981

52 specimens · 13 stops · 44 days · 236 km

A. AllisonA Allison

New Britain · 4–17 Nov 2016

A. AllisonA Allison in New Britain, 4–17 November 2016

103 specimens · 3 stops · 14 days

G.W. Gillett

6 islands of the United States · May – Jul 1966

G.W. Gillett across 6 islands of the United States, May – July 1966

46 specimens · 12 stops · 66 days · 1,081 km

A.J.H. Sharp

3 islands of Japan · 1–28 Dec 1964

A.J.H. Sharp in Yakushima Island, Kyushu and Honshu, 1–28 December 1964

56 specimens · 10 stops · 28 days · 943 km

B. Tate

Oʻahu · Oct – Nov 1984

B. Tate in Oʻahu, October – November 1984

54 specimens · 8 stops · 55 days

Maxwell S. Doty

Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu · Aug – Dec 1956

Maxwell S. Doty in Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu, August – December 1956

64 specimens · 9 stops · 118 days · 1,647 km

Tim Bennett

Oʻahu · Feb – Apr 1982

Tim Bennett in Oʻahu, February – April 1982

57 specimens · 8 stops · 40 days · 629 km

W.Z. Ma

Kauaʻi · 24–29 Jan 2018

W.Z. Ma in Kauaʻi, 24–29 January 2018

99 specimens · 6 stops · 6 days

N. Hallé

Rurutu · 17–27 Apr 1981

N. Hallé in Rurutu, 17–27 April 1981

94 specimens · 10 stops · 11 days

Edwin Horace Bryan Jr.

Kauaʻi · Jul – Aug 1940

Edwin Horace Bryan Jr. in Kauaʻi, July – August 1940

74 specimens · 8 stops · 11 days

Hank L. Oppenheimer

Molokaʻi and Lānaʻi · Mar – Jun 2007

Hank L. Oppenheimer in Molokaʻi and Lānaʻi, March – June 2007

48 specimens · 10 stops · 81 days · 160 km

H.F. Clay

Maui and Oʻahu · Dec 1948 – Jan 1949

H.F. Clay in Maui and Oʻahu, December 1948 – January 1949

49 specimens · 13 stops · 40 days · 311 km

C. Costion

6 islands · Nov – Dec 2011

C. Costion across 6 islands, November – December 2011

50 specimens · 12 stops · 33 days · 41 km

Jacques Florence

Raiatea and Nuku Hiva · Jun – Jul 1982

Jacques Florence in Raiatea and Nuku Hiva, June – July 1982

127 specimens · 5 stops · 13 days · 1,520 km

W.A. Whistler

Upolu and Savaii · 2–27 Jun 2016

W.A. Whistler in Upolu and Savaii, 2–27 June 2016

74 specimens · 10 stops · 26 days · 80 km

K. Faccenda

Lānaʻi · 19–23 Jun 2023

K. Faccenda in Lānaʻi, 19–23 June 2023

93 specimens · 5 stops · 5 days

Isabelle Abbott

Maui · Aug – Sep 1976

Isabelle Abbott in Maui, August – September 1976

85 specimens · 5 stops · 9 days · 204 km

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.

A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.

Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.