Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 1,954 journeys so far, 1874 to 2026, 349,432 specimens between them.

830 collectors and expeditions34,320 days in the field7,297,183 km between stops244,553 photographed specimens

Liloa Dunn

3 islands of French Polynesia · 11–24 Jun 2004

Liloa Dunn in Ua Pou, Ua Huka and Hiva Oa, 11–24 June 2004

84 specimens · 5 stops · 14 days · 842 km

Maxwell S. Doty

6 islands · Dec 1965 – Jan 1966

Maxwell S. Doty across 6 islands, December 1965 – January 1966

58 specimens · 5 stops · 32 days · 657 km

C.R. Jones

6 islands · Sep – Oct 2008

C.R. Jones across 6 islands, September – October 2008

46 specimens · 8 stops · 12 days · 2,618 km

J.C. Regalado Jr.

Taveuni and Viti Levu · Sep – Oct 1993

J.C. Regalado Jr. in Taveuni and Viti Levu, September – October 1993

86 specimens · 6 stops · 27 days · 405 km

A.M. Stokes

Raivavae · Mar – Apr 1922

A.M. Stokes in Raivavae, March – April 1922

55 specimens · 6 stops · 37 days

Annie Montague Alexander

3 islands of the United States · Apr – May 1948

Annie Montague Alexander in Maui, Kauaʻi and Hawaiʻi Island, April – May 1948

48 specimens · 6 stops · 31 days · 484 km

N. Ogden

Maui · 4–25 Aug 1978

N. Ogden in Maui, 4–25 August 1978

43 specimens · 8 stops · 22 days · 243 km

Benjamin C. Stone

3 islands · Apr – May 1969

Benjamin C. Stone in Kedah, Viti Levu and Malaya, April – May 1969

49 specimens · 6 stops · 20 days

E. Earle

Kauaʻi and Oʻahu · May – Jul 1972

E. Earle in Kauaʻi and Oʻahu, May – July 1972

50 specimens · 5 stops · 43 days

Benjamin C. Stone

Malaya and Pahang · Apr – May 1976

Benjamin C. Stone in Malaya and Pahang, April – May 1976

50 specimens · 6 stops · 18 days

Wray Harris

Tau · 10–27 Jul 1938

Wray Harris in Tau, 10–27 July 1938

65 specimens · 6 stops · 18 days

Stanley Ball

Oʻahu · Oct 1925 – Feb 1926

Stanley Ball in Oʻahu, October 1925 – February 1926

43 specimens · 21 stops · 123 days

Kenneth R. Wood

4 islands of French Polynesia · Jun – Jul 2003

Kenneth R. Wood across 4 islands of French Polynesia, June – July 2003

76 specimens · 6 stops · 28 days · 576 km

C.R. Annable

Maui · Jan – Feb 1999

C.R. Annable in Maui, January – February 1999

62 specimens · 3 stops · 39 days · 71 km

F. Raymond Fosberg

3 islands of the Marshall Islands · Apr – May 1958

F. Raymond Fosberg in Jaluit Atoll, Kwajalein Atoll and Majuro Atoll, April – May 1958

46 specimens · 9 stops · 12 days · 678 km

Ben Nyberg

6 islands · Jun – Jul 2022

Ben Nyberg across 6 islands, June – July 2022

45 specimens · 7 stops · 18 days

T.P. Bayliss-Smith

3 islands of the Solomon Islands · Jan – May 1971

T.P. Bayliss-Smith in Ontong Java Atoll, Sikaiana and Onton Java Atoll, January – May 1971

42 specimens · 18 stops · 123 days

M.A. Weiner

5 islands of Fiji · Jul – Aug 1972

M.A. Weiner across 5 islands of Fiji, July – August 1972

66 specimens · 10 stops · 32 days · 2,738 km

S. Pillay

Viti Levu · Sep – Dec 1960

S. Pillay in Viti Levu, September – December 1960

42 specimens · 12 stops · 81 days

L. Kellogg

3 islands of the United States · Apr – May 1948

L. Kellogg in Maui, Kauaʻi and Hawaiʻi Island, April – May 1948

47 specimens · 6 stops · 31 days · 484 km

Erling Christophersen

Oʻahu · Mar – Apr 1930

Erling Christophersen in Oʻahu, March – April 1930

53 specimens · 4 stops · 37 days

E.S.C. Handy

Maui · Jun – Jul 1933

E.S.C. Handy in Maui, June – July 1933

41 specimens · 8 stops · 45 days · 136 km

Paul K. Higashino

Kauaʻi · 11–16 May 1981

Paul K. Higashino in Kauaʻi, 11–16 May 1981

65 specimens · 5 stops · 6 days

Donald Bruce Foreman

Bougainville Island and Bougainville · Aug – Sep 1969

Donald Bruce Foreman in Bougainville Island and Bougainville, August – September 1969

50 specimens · 5 stops · 25 days · 115 km

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.

A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.

Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.