Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 1,954 journeys so far, 1874 to 2026, 349,432 specimens between them.

830 collectors and expeditions34,320 days in the field7,297,183 km between stops244,553 photographed specimens

G.J. Spence

3 islands of the United States · Apr – May 1975

G.J. Spence in Hawaiʻi Island, Oʻahu and Lānaʻi, April – May 1975

40 specimens · 7 stops · 31 days · 391 km

Steven L. Montgomery

7 islands of French Polynesia · Jul – Sep 1977

Steven L. Montgomery across 7 islands of French Polynesia, July – September 1977

45 specimens · 12 stops · 71 days · 4,361 km

S.A. James

Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu · 5–18 Aug 2004

S.A. James in Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu, 5–18 August 2004

82 specimens · 2 stops · 14 days · 230 km

E.B. Barbon

Luzon · Aug – Sep 1991

E.B. Barbon in Luzon, August – September 1991

65 specimens · 5 stops · 11 days

K. Schultz

5 islands of the United States · Aug – Sep 2000

K. Schultz across 5 islands of the United States, August – September 2000

66 specimens · 5 stops · 38 days · 1,010 km

R.M. Bird

Thailand · Jun – Jul 1963

R.M. Bird in Thailand, June – July 1963

40 specimens · 6 stops · 42 days

A.J. Chepstov-Lusty

3 islands of the Pitcairn Islands · Apr – Jul 1991

A.J. Chepstov-Lusty in Henderson Island, Oeno Island and Pitcairn Island, April – July 1991

79 specimens · 4 stops · 75 days · 695 km

T. Hosokawa

4 islands · Jun – Aug 1938

T. Hosokawa across 4 islands, June – August 1938

40 specimens · 12 stops · 52 days

A.G. Floyd

New Britain · Dec 1954 – Jan 1955

A.G. Floyd in New Britain, December 1954 – January 1955

41 specimens · 8 stops · 23 days

Edwin Horace Bryan Jr.

4 islands · Feb – Mar 1975

Edwin Horace Bryan Jr. across 4 islands, February – March 1975

65 specimens · 7 stops · 18 days

C. Corn

3 islands of the United States · Jun – Jul 1984

C. Corn in Kauaʻi, Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island, June – July 1984

60 specimens · 3 stops · 28 days · 324 km

van Steenis

Taiwan and Formosa · 7–18 Aug 1966

van Steenis in Taiwan and Formosa, 7–18 August 1966

40 specimens · 9 stops · 12 days

F. Raymond Fosberg

3 islands of the United States · 2–15 Apr 1971

F. Raymond Fosberg in Hawaiʻi Island, Kauaʻi and Maui, 2–15 April 1971

41 specimens · 8 stops · 14 days · 585 km

B. Sneddon

New Caledonia · 8–16 Aug 2003

B. Sneddon in New Caledonia, 8–16 August 2003

77 specimens · 8 stops · 9 days · 3,507 km

W.A. Whistler

Upolu · Dec 1974 – Jan 1975

W.A. Whistler in Upolu, December 1974 – January 1975

61 specimens · 9 stops · 17 days

Vander Velde

4 islands of the Marshall Islands · 11–17 Apr 2006

Vander Velde across 4 islands of the Marshall Islands, 11–17 April 2006

47 specimens · 7 stops · 7 days

F.J.M. Gaerlan

Luzon and Mindanao · Apr – May 1991

F.J.M. Gaerlan in Luzon and Mindanao, April – May 1991

57 specimens · 5 stops · 33 days · 1,945 km

J.C. Game

Kauaʻi · 17–23 Feb 2016

J.C. Game in Kauaʻi, 17–23 February 2016

72 specimens · 6 stops · 7 days

Romero

Mindanao · 1–10 May 1993

Romero in Mindanao, 1–10 May 1993

93 specimens · 2 stops · 10 days

Cranwell Smith

Hawaiʻi Island · 3–16 Jul 1982

Cranwell Smith in Hawaiʻi Island, 3–16 July 1982

91 specimens · 5 stops · 14 days

F. Tokelau

3 islands of Tonga · 12–20 Mar 2001

F. Tokelau in Tongatapu Island, 'Eua Island and 'Euaiki Island, 12–20 March 2001

72 specimens · 8 stops · 9 days

F. Raymond Fosberg

Kwajalein Atoll and Hawaiʻi Island · Jul – Sep 1966

F. Raymond Fosberg in Kwajalein Atoll and Hawaiʻi Island, July – September 1966

44 specimens · 8 stops · 53 days · 8,276 km

F. Raymond Fosberg

8 islands · 14–31 Mar 1975

F. Raymond Fosberg across 8 islands, 14–31 March 1975

44 specimens · 8 stops · 18 days · 136 km

C.S. Dole

Kauaʻi · 1–19 Jul 1909

C.S. Dole in Kauaʻi, 1–19 July 1909

63 specimens · 3 stops · 19 days · 110 km

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.

A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.

Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.