Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 1,954 journeys so far, 1874 to 2026, 349,432 specimens between them.

830 collectors and expeditions34,320 days in the field7,297,183 km between stops244,553 photographed specimens

M. Utai

Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island · Feb – Mar 1975

M. Utai in Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island, February – March 1975

42 specimens · 3 stops · 29 days

Luther E. Bishop

Molokaʻi · 19–25 Jan 1973

Luther E. Bishop in Molokaʻi, 19–25 January 1973

44 specimens · 4 stops · 7 days · 33 km

J.C.E. Riotte

Kauaʻi · Jun – Jul 1981

J.C.E. Riotte in Kauaʻi, June – July 1981

55 specimens · 6 stops · 42 days

Skippy Hau

Kahoʻolawe · 1–10 Sep 1992

Skippy Hau in Kahoʻolawe, 1–10 September 1992

51 specimens · 3 stops · 10 days

M.-H Sachet

4 islands · Jun – Jul 1976

M.-H Sachet across 4 islands, June – July 1976

46 specimens · 8 stops · 28 days · 2,621 km

P.J. Kores

Kauaʻi · 2–9 Sep 1979

P.J. Kores in Kauaʻi, 2–9 September 1979

47 specimens · 4 stops · 8 days

David H. Lorence

Ua Pou and Ua Huka · 11–22 Jun 2004

David H. Lorence in Ua Pou and Ua Huka, 11–22 June 2004

61 specimens · 4 stops · 12 days · 794 km

Alex B. Anderson

3 islands of French Polynesia · 8–26 Aug 1934

Alex B. Anderson in Tubuai, Rurutu and Raivavae, 8–26 August 1934

40 specimens · 5 stops · 19 days · 411 km

L. Frederick

Hawaiʻi Island · Dec 1946 – Jan 1947

L. Frederick in Hawaiʻi Island, December 1946 – January 1947

46 specimens · 4 stops · 6 days

F. Tokelau

3 islands of Tonga · 20–29 Sep 2001

F. Tokelau in Vava'U, Nuapapu Island and Tongatapu Island, 20–29 September 2001

49 specimens · 7 stops · 10 days

P.S. Vroom

Maro Reef and Mokumanamana · 3–9 Sep 2006

P.S. Vroom in Maro Reef and Mokumanamana, 3–9 September 2006

44 specimens · 4 stops · 7 days · 655 km

E.J. Funk

Hawaiʻi Island · 1–12 Nov 1991

E.J. Funk in Hawaiʻi Island, 1–12 November 1991

47 specimens · 3 stops · 12 days

Noel Louis Hilmer Krauss

3 islands · Feb – Apr 1985

Noel Louis Hilmer Krauss in Guadalcanal, Viti Levu and Ghizo, February – April 1985

50 specimens · 4 stops · 50 days · 1,277 km

de Lappe

Kauaʻi · Mar – Apr 1987

de Lappe in Kauaʻi, March – April 1987

43 specimens · 3 stops · 22 days

S. Victor

Babeldaob Island · Mar – Apr 1996

S. Victor in Babeldaob Island, March – April 1996

55 specimens · 7 stops · 8 days

T. Miyata

Honshu and Japan · 1–20 Nov 1977

T. Miyata in Honshu and Japan, 1–20 November 1977

54 specimens · 2 stops · 20 days

K. Shultz

Hawaiʻi Island and Maui · 13–28 Sep 2000

K. Shultz in Hawaiʻi Island and Maui, 13–28 September 2000

83 specimens · 3 stops · 16 days · 352 km

Y. Sagawa

Guam and Yap · Mar – Apr 1981

Y. Sagawa in Guam and Yap, March – April 1981

44 specimens · 8 stops · 19 days · 17,396 km

R.W. Clegern

4 islands of Kiribati · 1–19 Sep 1973

R.W. Clegern across 4 islands of Kiribati, 1–19 September 1973

83 specimens · 2 stops · 19 days

C.S. English Jr.

the United States · 2–15 Aug 1925

C.S. English Jr. in the United States, 2–15 August 1925

43 specimens · 8 stops · 14 days

C.T. Imada

Kauaʻi and Maui · 2–11 Aug 2005

C.T. Imada in Kauaʻi and Maui, 2–11 August 2005

47 specimens · 3 stops · 10 days · 371 km

S. Satini

3 islands of Tonga · 20–29 Sep 2001

S. Satini in Vava'U, Nuapapu Island and Tongatapu Island, 20–29 September 2001

48 specimens · 7 stops · 10 days

W.R. Sykes

Tanna and Efate · 12–22 Jul 2003

W.R. Sykes in Tanna and Efate, 12–22 July 2003

49 specimens · 10 stops · 11 days · 234 km

H.L. Oppebnheinmer

Maui · 11–15 Mar 2024

H.L. Oppebnheinmer in Maui, 11–15 March 2024

44 specimens · 4 stops · 5 days

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.

A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.

Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.