Journeys
The expeditions, reassembled
Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 1,954 journeys so far, 1874 to 2026, 349,432 specimens between them.
830 collectors and expeditions34,320 days in the field7,297,183 km between stops244,553 photographed specimens
1,954 journeys match
Gustav Paulay
3 islands of the Pitcairn Islands · 12–28 May 1987
Gustav Paulay in Henderson Island, Oeno Island and Pitcairn Island, 12–28 May 198741 specimens · 4 stops · 17 days · 285 km
B.K. Kirchoff
Oʻahu · 24–30 May 1988
B.K. Kirchoff in Oʻahu, 24–30 May 198845 specimens · 2 stops · 7 days
Betsy H. Gagne
Maui · Feb – Mar 1984
Betsy H. Gagne in Maui, February – March 198463 specimens · 3 stops · 13 days
John Strazanac
Nihoa · 20–28 Jun 1990
John Strazanac in Nihoa, 20–28 June 199047 specimens · 6 stops · 9 days
A. Harbottle
Lānaʻi · 5–11 Feb 2003
A. Harbottle in Lānaʻi, 5–11 February 200374 specimens · 2 stops · 7 days · 147 km
Maxwell S. Doty
Oʻahu · Mar – Apr 1960
Maxwell S. Doty in Oʻahu, March – April 196042 specimens · 5 stops · 19 days · 164 km
K. Morrison
Maui · 2–11 May 2023
K. Morrison in Maui, 2–11 May 202344 specimens · 2 stops · 10 days
E.J. Funk
Sri Lanka and Hawaiʻi Island · 9–18 Dec 1992
E.J. Funk in Sri Lanka and Hawaiʻi Island, 9–18 December 199244 specimens · 2 stops · 10 days
M. Gilmartin
Enewetak Atoll · Aug – Sep 1955
M. Gilmartin in Enewetak Atoll, August – September 195541 specimens · 6 stops · 10 days
S.N. Ching
Oʻahu · Apr – May 2022
S.N. Ching in Oʻahu, April – May 202251 specimens · 3 stops · 28 days



Clarence H. Cooke Jr.
Palmyra Atoll · 1–28 Jul 1913
Clarence H. Cooke Jr. in Palmyra Atoll, 1–28 July 191342 specimens · 2 stops · 28 days · 893 km
W.J. Vaughn
the United States · 20–30 May 1926
W.J. Vaughn in the United States, 20–30 May 192661 specimens · 3 stops · 11 days
Frank A. Parrish
4 islands of the United States · Jun – Jul 1991
Frank A. Parrish across 4 islands of the United States, June – July 199150 specimens · 4 stops · 13 days · 353 km
R. Kanehira
6 islands · Jun – Jul 1931
R. Kanehira across 6 islands, June – July 193153 specimens · 2 stops · 8 days
Jacques Florence
Tikehau · Oct – Nov 1984
Jacques Florence in Tikehau, October – November 198464 specimens · 2 stops · 8 days · 16 km
G.N. Jones
the United States · 20–30 May 1926
G.N. Jones in the United States, 20–30 May 192657 specimens · 3 stops · 11 days
Ernani Meñez
3 islands of the Philippines · Apr – May 1958
Ernani Meñez in Cuyo, Palawan and Mindanao, April – May 195843 specimens · 2 stops · 6 days · 402 km
S. Gale
Malaita and Guadalcanal · 5–11 Sep 2007
S. Gale in Malaita and Guadalcanal, 5–11 September 200742 specimens · 5 stops · 7 days · 186 km
W.H. Magruder
Molokaʻi and Maui · Jul – Aug 1988
W.H. Magruder in Molokaʻi and Maui, July – August 198867 specimens · 2 stops · 14 days · 62 km
J. Thaanum
the United States · 20–30 May 1926
J. Thaanum in the United States, 20–30 May 192654 specimens · 3 stops · 11 days
K. Taho
New Guinea · Aug – Sep 1973
K. Taho in New Guinea, August – September 197341 specimens · 2 stops · 7 days · 56 km
Diane Ragone
Kosrae and Pohnpei · 2–20 Dec 1996
Diane Ragone in Kosrae and Pohnpei, 2–20 December 199640 specimens · 4 stops · 19 days · 1,228 km
Fuentes
Luzon · 1–15 Jul 1994
Fuentes in Luzon, 1–15 July 199442 specimens · 2 stops · 15 days · 93 km
Ralph C. DeFelice
Oʻahu · Jul – Aug 1998
Ralph C. DeFelice in Oʻahu, July – August 199854 specimens · 2 stops · 30 days · 28 km
How a journey is found
Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.
A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.
Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.
