Journeys
The expeditions, reassembled
Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 342 journeys so far, 1879 to 2025, 69,351 specimens between them.
156 collectors and expeditions6,884 days in the field831,051 km between stops51,513 photographed specimens
342 journeys match
G.J. Spence
4 islands of the United States · Oct – Dec 1972
G.J. Spence across 4 islands of the United States, October – December 197255 specimens · 15 stops · 75 days · 1,315 km
Maxwell S. Doty
6 islands · Nov 1975 – Mar 1976
Maxwell S. Doty across 6 islands, November 1975 – March 197661 specimens · 13 stops · 131 days · 16,972 km
Maxwell S. Doty
4 islands of the United States · Oct – Dec 1955
Maxwell S. Doty across 4 islands of the United States, October – December 195578 specimens · 10 stops · 80 days · 1,239 km
Otto Degener
15 islands · May – Aug 1982
Otto Degener across 15 islands, May – August 198271 specimens · 26 stops · 89 days · 26,628 km
Paul K. Higashino
4 islands of the United States · Feb – Mar 1975
Paul K. Higashino across 4 islands of the United States, February – March 197586 specimens · 11 stops · 51 days · 498 km
Maxwell S. Doty
5 islands · Jan – May 1959
Maxwell S. Doty across 5 islands, January – May 195970 specimens · 17 stops · 110 days · 10,865 km
Derral R. Herbst
Kauaʻi and Maui · Nov 1972 – Feb 1973
Derral R. Herbst in Kauaʻi and Maui, November 1972 – February 197358 specimens · 11 stops · 79 days · 768 km
M.S. Kim
Maui and Oʻahu · Dec 2000 – Feb 2001
M.S. Kim in Maui and Oʻahu, December 2000 – February 2001152 specimens · 4 stops · 45 days · 68 km
S.G. Weller
3 islands of the United States · Jun – Jul 1985
S.G. Weller in Hawaiʻi Island, Lānaʻi and Maui, June – July 198574 specimens · 10 stops · 14 days · 289 km
C.E. Hartt
Maui and Hawaiʻi Island · 6–18 Aug 1933
C.E. Hartt in Maui and Hawaiʻi Island, 6–18 August 193393 specimens · 6 stops · 13 days · 136 km


Edward Yataro Hosaka
5 islands of the United States · Jul – Aug 1931
Edward Yataro Hosaka across 5 islands of the United States, July – August 193182 specimens · 6 stops · 24 days · 1,149 km
Thomas G. Lammers
4 islands of the United States · Jun – Jul 1985
Thomas G. Lammers across 4 islands of the United States, June – July 198563 specimens · 12 stops · 18 days · 636 km
R.C. Gardner
6 islands · Jan – Mar 1975
R.C. Gardner across 6 islands, January – March 197549 specimens · 15 stops · 54 days · 18,774 km
Isa Degener
14 islands · May – Aug 1982
Isa Degener across 14 islands, May – August 198266 specimens · 25 stops · 81 days · 26,529 km
Charles N. Forbes
3 islands of the United States · Oct 1910 – Jan 1911
Charles N. Forbes in Oʻahu, Maui and Kauaʻi, October 1910 – January 191148 specimens · 16 stops · 97 days · 1,320 km
Steven Perlman
4 islands of the United States · Apr – Jul 2012
Steven Perlman across 4 islands of the United States, April – July 201247 specimens · 14 stops · 84 days · 1,122 km
A.K. Sakai
3 islands of the United States · Jun – Jul 1985
A.K. Sakai in Hawaiʻi Island, Lānaʻi and Maui, June – July 198570 specimens · 9 stops · 14 days · 289 km
E.A. Bessey
Hawaiʻi Island and Maui · 1–29 Jun 1940
E.A. Bessey in Hawaiʻi Island and Maui, 1–29 June 1940106 specimens · 13 stops · 29 days · 325 km
A.A. Tam
Maui and Molokaʻi · 1–30 Mar 1952
A.A. Tam in Maui and Molokaʻi, 1–30 March 195278 specimens · 6 stops · 30 days · 204 km
Steven Perlman
4 islands · Mar – May 2007
Steven Perlman across 4 islands, March – May 200777 specimens · 9 stops · 50 days · 5,611 km
F. Salucop
Maui · Jul – Aug 1939
F. Salucop in Maui, July – August 193958 specimens · 10 stops · 36 days · 189 km
R.L. Stemmermann
Hawaiʻi Island and Maui · Mar – Jul 1980
R.L. Stemmermann in Hawaiʻi Island and Maui, March – July 198041 specimens · 18 stops · 132 days · 766 km
R.L. Stemmermann
Hawaiʻi Island and Maui · 7–28 Apr 1984
R.L. Stemmermann in Hawaiʻi Island and Maui, 7–28 April 198491 specimens · 4 stops · 22 days
David Palmer
Kauaʻi and Maui · Jun – Jul 1992
David Palmer in Kauaʻi and Maui, June – July 199262 specimens · 8 stops · 47 days · 338 km
How a journey is found
Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.
A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.
Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.
