Journeys
The expeditions, reassembled
Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 342 journeys so far, 1879 to 2025, 69,351 specimens between them.
156 collectors and expeditions6,884 days in the field831,051 km between stops51,513 photographed specimens
342 journeys match
M.G. Iltis
3 islands of the United States · Jul – Aug 1967
M.G. Iltis in Maui, Oʻahu and Kauaʻi, July – August 196786 specimens · 5 stops · 12 days · 141 km
L.M. Hodgson
Maui and Oʻahu · Mar – Apr 1994
L.M. Hodgson in Maui and Oʻahu, March – April 199464 specimens · 7 stops · 34 days · 287 km
E.J. Judziewicz
Maui · Feb – Mar 2023
E.J. Judziewicz in Maui, February – March 2023151 specimens · 4 stops · 32 days
E.S.C. Handy
4 islands of the United States · Jul – Sep 1931
E.S.C. Handy across 4 islands of the United States, July – September 193171 specimens · 5 stops · 43 days · 1,582 km
A.Y. Yoshinaga
4 islands of the United States · Jul – Aug 1967
A.Y. Yoshinaga across 4 islands of the United States, July – August 196764 specimens · 8 stops · 43 days · 555 km
Noel Louis Hilmer Krauss
Maui · Jun – Oct 1929
Noel Louis Hilmer Krauss in Maui, June – October 192974 specimens · 18 stops · 121 days
Steven Perlman
4 islands of the United States · Jun – Jul 2007
Steven Perlman across 4 islands of the United States, June – July 200753 specimens · 10 stops · 37 days · 644 km
G.W. Gillett
6 islands of the United States · May – Jul 1966
G.W. Gillett across 6 islands of the United States, May – July 196646 specimens · 12 stops · 66 days · 1,081 km
H.F. Clay
Maui and Oʻahu · Dec 1948 – Jan 1949
H.F. Clay in Maui and Oʻahu, December 1948 – January 194949 specimens · 13 stops · 40 days · 311 km
Isabelle Abbott
Maui · Aug – Sep 1976
Isabelle Abbott in Maui, August – September 197685 specimens · 5 stops · 9 days · 204 km
Seymour H. Sohmer
3 islands of the United States · Dec 1969 – Jan 1970
Seymour H. Sohmer in Hawaiʻi Island, Maui and Oʻahu, December 1969 – January 197067 specimens · 8 stops · 13 days · 136 km



Otto Herman Swezey
Maui and Oʻahu · Mar – May 1924
Otto Herman Swezey in Maui and Oʻahu, March – May 192464 specimens · 6 stops · 65 days · 228 km
C.A. Russell
Maui · Feb – Mar 1984
C.A. Russell in Maui, February – March 198482 specimens · 6 stops · 16 days · 16 km
L.M. Hodgson
Oʻahu and Maui · Oct – Nov 2000
L.M. Hodgson in Oʻahu and Maui, October – November 200057 specimens · 8 stops · 35 days · 711 km
Charles N. Forbes
Oʻahu and Maui · Feb – May 1919
Charles N. Forbes in Oʻahu and Maui, February – May 191944 specimens · 14 stops · 101 days · 191 km
Warren L. Wagner Jr.
3 islands of the United States · Oct – Dec 1984
Warren L. Wagner Jr. in Maui, Oʻahu and Molokaʻi, October – December 198455 specimens · 7 stops · 57 days · 194 km
Otto Degener
Oʻahu and Maui · Oct – Dec 1926
Otto Degener in Oʻahu and Maui, October – December 192641 specimens · 14 stops · 66 days · 610 km
Betsy H. Gagne
Maui and Kauaʻi · Apr – May 1991
Betsy H. Gagne in Maui and Kauaʻi, April – May 199148 specimens · 10 stops · 43 days · 706 km
K. Shultz
Maui and Kauaʻi · Jan – Feb 2001
K. Shultz in Maui and Kauaʻi, January – February 2001189 specimens · 2 stops · 23 days · 338 km
N.H. Higgins
Oʻahu and Maui · Oct 1955 – Jan 1956
N.H. Higgins in Oʻahu and Maui, October 1955 – January 195650 specimens · 7 stops · 92 days · 191 km
M.E. Kerr
Hawaiʻi Island and Maui · Aug – Sep 1949
M.E. Kerr in Hawaiʻi Island and Maui, August – September 194962 specimens · 9 stops · 12 days · 21 km
Jr.William Ellsworth Fisher Jr.
4 islands · Aug – Sep 2000
Jr.William Ellsworth Fisher Jr. across 4 islands, August – September 2000123 specimens · 5 stops · 29 days · 844 km
Paul K. Higashino
Maui · Dec 1975 – Jan 1976
Paul K. Higashino in Maui, December 1975 – January 197684 specimens · 4 stops · 10 days · 58 km
Harry G. Lee
4 islands of the United States · Oct – Dec 1925
Harry G. Lee across 4 islands of the United States, October – December 192548 specimens · 9 stops · 62 days · 1,105 km
How a journey is found
Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.
A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.
Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.
