Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 342 journeys so far, 1879 to 2025, 69,351 specimens between them.

156 collectors and expeditions6,884 days in the field831,051 km between stops51,513 photographed specimens

Harold St.John

Oʻahu and Maui · Dec 1940 – Feb 1941

Harold St.John in Oʻahu and Maui, December 1940 – February 1941

89 specimens · 7 stops · 54 days · 96 km

K. Faccenda

Maui · 21–30 Oct 2022

K. Faccenda in Maui, 21–30 October 2022

94 specimens · 10 stops · 10 days

Isa Degener

Maui and Oʻahu · May – Sep 1959

Isa Degener in Maui and Oʻahu, May – September 1959

69 specimens · 27 stops · 123 days · 591 km

Gunder E. Olson

Maui · Jun – Aug 1937

Gunder E. Olson in Maui, June – August 1937

70 specimens · 12 stops · 66 days · 148 km

W.C. Fleming

Maui and Molokaʻi · Mar – Apr 1959

W.C. Fleming in Maui and Molokaʻi, March – April 1959

104 specimens · 8 stops · 11 days · 379 km

Otto Herman Swezey

3 islands of the United States · Mar – Jul 1920

Otto Herman Swezey in Oʻahu, Maui and Kauaʻi, March – July 1920

103 specimens · 19 stops · 129 days · 191 km

Edward Yataro Hosaka

Maui and Molokaʻi · 8–24 Apr 1937

Edward Yataro Hosaka in Maui and Molokaʻi, 8–24 April 1937

93 specimens · 9 stops · 17 days · 286 km

Warren L. Wagner Jr.

3 islands of the United States · Jul – Aug 1983

Warren L. Wagner Jr. in Hawaiʻi Island, Molokaʻi and Maui, July – August 1983

102 specimens · 8 stops · 10 days · 224 km

Kenneth M. Nagata

4 islands of the United States · May – Jul 1979

Kenneth M. Nagata across 4 islands of the United States, May – July 1979

80 specimens · 12 stops · 44 days · 1,220 km

R.L. Stemmermann

4 islands · Feb – Apr 1977

R.L. Stemmermann across 4 islands, February – April 1977

85 specimens · 13 stops · 62 days · 5,427 km

Maxwell S. Doty

3 islands · 1–28 Aug 1955

Maxwell S. Doty in Maui, Hawaiʻi Island and Yoron Island, 1–28 August 1955

94 specimens · 8 stops · 28 days · 397 km

M. Kiehn

5 islands of the United States · Jul – Sep 1990

M. Kiehn across 5 islands of the United States, July – September 1990

60 specimens · 16 stops · 65 days · 1,646 km

W.H. Hatheway

Hawaiʻi Island and Maui · Oct – Nov 1950

W.H. Hatheway in Hawaiʻi Island and Maui, October – November 1950

69 specimens · 15 stops · 33 days · 226 km

F. Raymond Fosberg

4 islands · Aug – Sep 1961

F. Raymond Fosberg across 4 islands, August – September 1961

70 specimens · 13 stops · 34 days · 462 km

R. Gustafson

3 islands of the United States · Jul – Aug 1983

R. Gustafson in Hawaiʻi Island, Molokaʻi and Maui, July – August 1983

98 specimens · 8 stops · 10 days · 223 km

Edwin Horace Bryan Jr.

Kahoʻolawe and Maui · 1–19 Feb 1931

Edwin Horace Bryan Jr. in Kahoʻolawe and Maui, 1–19 February 1931

102 specimens · 9 stops · 19 days · 26 km

R.L. Stemmermann

Oʻahu and Maui · Oct – Nov 1976

R.L. Stemmermann in Oʻahu and Maui, October – November 1976

97 specimens · 6 stops · 28 days · 176 km

R.L. Stemmermann

Maui and Hawaiʻi Island · 1–21 Aug 1977

R.L. Stemmermann in Maui and Hawaiʻi Island, 1–21 August 1977

119 specimens · 5 stops · 21 days · 161 km

G. Clarke

3 islands of the United States · 9–25 Apr 1980

G. Clarke in Kahoʻolawe, Kauaʻi and Maui, 9–25 April 1980

125 specimens · 4 stops · 17 days · 403 km

Dale H. Vitt

3 islands of the United States · 6–22 Dec 1975

Dale H. Vitt in Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi Island and Maui, 6–22 December 1975

74 specimens · 14 stops · 17 days · 232 km

Edward Yataro Hosaka

3 islands of the United States · 4–26 Apr 1939

Edward Yataro Hosaka in Maui, Hawaiʻi Island and Lānaʻi, 4–26 April 1939

69 specimens · 14 stops · 23 days · 337 km

Arthur Greenwell

Hawaiʻi Island and Maui · Aug – Sep 1949

Arthur Greenwell in Hawaiʻi Island and Maui, August – September 1949

84 specimens · 10 stops · 17 days · 49 km

Otto Herman Swezey

Maui and Oʻahu · Aug – Sep 1929

Otto Herman Swezey in Maui and Oʻahu, August – September 1929

163 specimens · 8 stops · 20 days · 223 km

W.C. Martin

3 islands of the United States · Jul – Aug 1983

W.C. Martin in Hawaiʻi Island, Molokaʻi and Maui, July – August 1983

92 specimens · 8 stops · 10 days · 223 km

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.

A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.

Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.