Journeys
The expeditions, reassembled
Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 516 journeys so far, 1882 to 2003, 203,239 specimens between them.
225 collectors and expeditions9,587 days in the field2,429,515 km between stops172,106 photographed specimens
516 journeys match



Donald Anderson
Oʻahu · May – Jun 1938
Donald Anderson in Oʻahu, May – June 1938178 specimens · 2 stops · 21 days · 43 km



Ben Olivera
Oʻahu · 5–9 Apr 1917
Ben Olivera in Oʻahu, 5–9 April 1917172 specimens · 3 stops · 5 days · 181 km



Robert H. Cowie
5 islands · Oct – Nov 1992
Robert H. Cowie across 5 islands, October – November 1992131 specimens · 14 stops · 35 days · 503 km

Edwin Horace Bryan Jr.
Kahoʻolawe and Maui · 1–19 Feb 1931
Edwin Horace Bryan Jr. in Kahoʻolawe and Maui, 1–19 February 1931102 specimens · 9 stops · 19 days · 26 km



Robert H. Cowie
Tutuila · 6–16 Oct 1998
Robert H. Cowie in Tutuila, 6–16 October 1998172 specimens · 10 stops · 11 days



Elwood Curtin Zimmerman
Maui · Apr – May 1945
Elwood Curtin Zimmerman in Maui, April – May 1945146 specimens · 7 stops · 15 days · 43 km



George F. Arnemann
Oʻahu · Oct – Dec 1960
George F. Arnemann in Oʻahu, October – December 196086 specimens · 6 stops · 57 days · 450 km



Yoshio KondoKay Kondo
Oʻahu · Oct – Dec 1960
Yoshio KondoKay Kondo in Oʻahu, October – December 196086 specimens · 6 stops · 55 days · 298 km

Charles N. Forbes
Oʻahu and Kauaʻi · Nov 1909 – Jan 1910
Charles N. Forbes in Oʻahu and Kauaʻi, November 1909 – January 191061 specimens · 15 stops · 61 days · 1,270 km
Edward Yataro Hosaka
3 islands of the United States · 4–26 Apr 1939
Edward Yataro Hosaka in Maui, Hawaiʻi Island and Lānaʻi, 4–26 April 193969 specimens · 14 stops · 23 days · 337 km

Whitney Expedition
12 islands of French Polynesia · Jun – Sep 1922
Whitney Expedition, June – September 192263 specimens · 16 stops · 86 days · 4,274 km



Wray Harris
Tau and Upolu · Jul – Aug 1937
Wray Harris in Tau and Upolu, July – August 1937127 specimens · 3 stops · 31 days · 512 km



Robert L. Usinger
Guam · 2–27 Jun 1936
Robert L. Usinger in Guam, 2–27 June 1936112 specimens · 4 stops · 26 days · 51,067 km



Walter Bayer
Oʻahu · Jan – Mar 1953
Walter Bayer in Oʻahu, January – March 1953106 specimens · 4 stops · 37 days · 228 km

Otto Herman Swezey
Maui and Oʻahu · Aug – Sep 1929
Otto Herman Swezey in Maui and Oʻahu, August – September 1929163 specimens · 8 stops · 20 days · 223 km



John Colburn Bridwell
Maui and Oʻahu · Aug – Sep 1918
John Colburn Bridwell in Maui and Oʻahu, August – September 1918124 specimens · 6 stops · 32 days · 69 km



Rokuro Yamaguchi
Oʻahu · 5–19 May 1936
Rokuro Yamaguchi in Oʻahu, 5–19 May 1936172 specimens · 2 stops · 15 days · 154 km



Alastair M. Adamson
Tahiti · Aug – Sep 1928
Alastair M. Adamson in Tahiti, August – September 192891 specimens · 6 stops · 28 days · 82 km



Kondo
3 islands · Jul – Aug 1934
Kondo in Tupuai, Rapa and Raivavae, July – August 1934115 specimens · 3 stops · 51 days · 721 km



Thos. Cooke
Molokaʻi · 1–25 Jul 1924
Thos. Cooke in Molokaʻi, 1–25 July 1924125 specimens · 3 stops · 25 days · 9 km



Marie Catherine Neal
Hawaiʻi Island · Jun – Jul 1922
Marie Catherine Neal in Hawaiʻi Island, June – July 192282 specimens · 8 stops · 18 days



Mrs. P.H. Buck
Oct – Nov 1929
Mrs. P.H. Buck, October – November 1929113 specimens · 3 stops · 52 days



Rokuro Yamaguchi
Oʻahu · Oct – Nov 1935
Rokuro Yamaguchi in Oʻahu, October – November 1935151 specimens · 2 stops · 27 days · 16 km



Clarence H. Cooke Jr.
Molokaʻi and Kauaʻi · Mar – Apr 1914
Clarence H. Cooke Jr. in Molokaʻi and Kauaʻi, March – April 1914105 specimens · 4 stops · 25 days · 343 km
How a journey is found
Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.
A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.
Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.
