Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 386 journeys so far, 1879 to 2025, 77,946 specimens between them.

181 collectors and expeditions7,426 days in the field917,728 km between stops56,956 photographed specimens

U. Eliasson

3 islands of the United States · Jan – Apr 1988

U. Eliasson in Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi Island and Maui, January – April 1988

53 specimens · 21 stops · 97 days · 690 km

Otto Degener

4 islands of the United States · Nov 1959 – Feb 1960

Otto Degener across 4 islands of the United States, November 1959 – February 1960

44 specimens · 6 stops · 85 days · 321 km

P.D. Ashlock

Maui · Mar – Apr 1966

P.D. Ashlock in Maui, March – April 1966

116 specimens · 4 stops · 27 days

David Dwight Baldwin

3 islands of the United States · 1–30 Aug 1879

David Dwight Baldwin in Maui, Oʻahu and Kauaʻi, 1–30 August 1879

40 specimens · 10 stops · 30 days · 1,487 km

David Timmins Fullaway

Maui · 12–18 May 1918

David Timmins Fullaway in Maui, 12–18 May 1918

141 specimens · 4 stops · 7 days

Cranwell Smith

3 islands of the United States · May – Jul 1966

Cranwell Smith in Maui, Hawaiʻi Island and Kauaʻi, May – July 1966

47 specimens · 6 stops · 39 days · 476 km

Larry W. Quate

Hawaiʻi Island and Maui · Mar – Apr 1961

Larry W. Quate in Hawaiʻi Island and Maui, March – April 1961

61 specimens · 14 stops · 43 days · 11,144 km

Annie Montague Alexander

3 islands of the United States · Apr – May 1948

Annie Montague Alexander in Maui, Kauaʻi and Hawaiʻi Island, April – May 1948

48 specimens · 6 stops · 31 days · 484 km

N. Ogden

Maui · 4–25 Aug 1978

N. Ogden in Maui, 4–25 August 1978

43 specimens · 8 stops · 22 days · 243 km

V Townsend Cromwell cruise 61

4 islands of the United States · Oct – Nov 1972

V Townsend Cromwell cruise 61, October – November 1972

78 specimens · 9 stops · 25 days · 700 km

station

4 islands of the United States · Oct – Nov 1972

station, October – November 1972

78 specimens · 9 stops · 25 days · 700 km

C.R. Annable

Maui · Jan – Feb 1999

C.R. Annable in Maui, January – February 1999

62 specimens · 3 stops · 39 days · 71 km

L. Kellogg

3 islands of the United States · Apr – May 1948

L. Kellogg in Maui, Kauaʻi and Hawaiʻi Island, April – May 1948

47 specimens · 6 stops · 31 days · 484 km

E.S.C. Handy

Maui · Jun – Jul 1933

E.S.C. Handy in Maui, June – July 1933

41 specimens · 8 stops · 45 days · 136 km

A. O'Neill

Maui · 2–11 May 2023

A. O'Neill in Maui, 2–11 May 2023

68 specimens · 4 stops · 10 days

George F. Arnemann

Kauaʻi and Maui · May – Jun 1946

George F. Arnemann in Kauaʻi and Maui, May – June 1946

79 specimens · 2 stops · 27 days · 338 km

Isabelle Abbott

Maui and Espiritu Santo · Aug – Sep 1971

Isabelle Abbott in Maui and Espiritu Santo, August – September 1971

42 specimens · 6 stops · 45 days · 5,752 km

F. Raymond Fosberg

4 islands of the United States · 10–25 Apr 1974

F. Raymond Fosberg across 4 islands of the United States, 10–25 April 1974

43 specimens · 8 stops · 16 days · 886 km

R. Okano

Maui and Kahoʻolawe · 10–17 Aug 2000

R. Okano in Maui and Kahoʻolawe, 10–17 August 2000

99 specimens · 4 stops · 8 days · 97 km

R.L. Stemmermann

Maui · 1–13 Jun 1977

R.L. Stemmermann in Maui, 1–13 June 1977

58 specimens · 6 stops · 13 days

H.A. Woolford

Kauaʻi and Maui · 1–29 Dec 1956

H.A. Woolford in Kauaʻi and Maui, 1–29 December 1956

53 specimens · 4 stops · 29 days · 338 km

Arthur Greenwell

Maui and Hawaiʻi Island · 3–28 Nov 1950

Arthur Greenwell in Maui and Hawaiʻi Island, 3–28 November 1950

48 specimens · 5 stops · 26 days · 226 km

Maxwell S. Doty

4 islands of the United States · Dec 1954 – Jan 1955

Maxwell S. Doty across 4 islands of the United States, December 1954 – January 1955

54 specimens · 5 stops · 16 days · 464 km

K. Schultz

5 islands of the United States · Aug – Sep 2000

K. Schultz across 5 islands of the United States, August – September 2000

66 specimens · 5 stops · 38 days · 1,010 km

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date and a known collector is a diary entry. The days are read in order; a gap of more than three weeks ends one journey and starts the next. Days spent where a collector lived most of their life are home, not travel, and are left out.

A journey needs at least five days, forty specimens and two places. Within it, a run of days spent within about ten kilometres is one stop; the stop’s point is the middle of the labels that carry coordinates, or the island’s centre when none do.

Companions are the people whose own labels put them in the same place on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it and feature it; everything else here is read straight off the specimens, and is rebuilt as the records improve.