Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 386 journeys so far, 1879 to 2025, 77,946 specimens between them.

181 collectors and expeditions7,426 days in the field917,728 km between stops56,956 photographed specimens

Noel Louis Hilmer Krauss

Maui · Mar – May 1967

Noel Louis Hilmer Krauss in Maui, March – May 1967

96 specimens · 17 stops · 62 days · 301 km

George F. Arnemann

4 islands · Jan – Feb 1947

George F. Arnemann across 4 islands, January – February 1947

145 specimens · 4 stops · 22 days · 256 km

F. Raymond Fosberg

4 islands of the United States · Feb – Apr 1963

F. Raymond Fosberg across 4 islands of the United States, February – April 1963

100 specimens · 18 stops · 41 days · 24,929 km

C.H. Lamoureux

3 islands of the United States · Jun – Jul 1962

C.H. Lamoureux in Molokaʻi, Maui and Midway Atoll, June – July 1962

151 specimens · 4 stops · 36 days · 2,230 km

F.R. Warshauer

Molokaʻi and Maui · Jun – Jul 1979

F.R. Warshauer in Molokaʻi and Maui, June – July 1979

108 specimens · 9 stops · 34 days · 18 km

Carl Skottsberg

6 islands of the United States · Jan – Apr 1948

Carl Skottsberg across 6 islands of the United States, January – April 1948

75 specimens · 25 stops · 88 days · 1,565 km

Johnson Randall

3 islands · Dec 1971 – Apr 1972

Johnson Randall in Enewetak Atoll, Oʻahu and Maui, December 1971 – April 1972

108 specimens · 28 stops · 120 days · 19,165 km

Edward Yataro Hosaka

3 islands of the United States · 12–26 Apr 1938

Edward Yataro Hosaka in Lānaʻi, Hawaiʻi Island and Maui, 12–26 April 1938

135 specimens · 5 stops · 15 days · 235 km

Maxwell S. Doty

5 islands · Jun – Oct 1959

Maxwell S. Doty across 5 islands, June – October 1959

110 specimens · 16 stops · 108 days · 14,276 km

H.F. Bergman

Oʻahu and Maui · Dec 1927 – Feb 1928

H.F. Bergman in Oʻahu and Maui, December 1927 – February 1928

81 specimens · 10 stops · 62 days · 364 km

A.G. Whiting

3 islands of the United States · Jan – Mar 1929

A.G. Whiting in Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi Island and Maui, January – March 1929

69 specimens · 15 stops · 71 days · 366 km

Natalia Tangalin

4 islands · Mar – May 2007

Natalia Tangalin across 4 islands, March – May 2007

106 specimens · 13 stops · 50 days · 5,955 km

Steven Perlman

Kauaʻi and Maui · Mar – Jul 2017

Steven Perlman in Kauaʻi and Maui, March – July 2017

65 specimens · 17 stops · 126 days

Otto Herman Swezey

Maui and Molokaʻi · Dec 1928 – Feb 1929

Otto Herman Swezey in Maui and Molokaʻi, December 1928 – February 1929

130 specimens · 11 stops · 61 days · 104 km

Maxwell S. Doty

3 islands of the United States · Mar – May 1965

Maxwell S. Doty in Maui, Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu, March – May 1965

99 specimens · 11 stops · 79 days · 1,350 km

George Campbell Munro

Maui · Oct 1927 – Jan 1928

George Campbell Munro in Maui, October 1927 – January 1928

75 specimens · 12 stops · 80 days · 186 km

Paul K. Higashino

Hawaiʻi Island and Maui · Mar – Apr 1984

Paul K. Higashino in Hawaiʻi Island and Maui, March – April 1984

112 specimens · 5 stops · 36 days · 132 km

W.J. Gilbert

6 islands · Jun – Aug 1963

W.J. Gilbert across 6 islands, June – August 1963

69 specimens · 15 stops · 62 days · 5,418 km

M.S. Allen

Hawaiʻi Island and Maui · Mar – Apr 1984

M.S. Allen in Hawaiʻi Island and Maui, March – April 1984

111 specimens · 5 stops · 36 days · 132 km

Clarence H. Cooke Jr.

Maui · 1–18 Feb 1904

Clarence H. Cooke Jr. in Maui, 1–18 February 1904

120 specimens · 5 stops · 18 days · 119 km

F. Fagerlind

6 islands of the United States · Jan – Apr 1948

F. Fagerlind across 6 islands of the United States, January – April 1948

70 specimens · 24 stops · 78 days · 1,702 km

Pakki A. Reath

Maui and Hawaiʻi Island · Mar – Apr 2003

Pakki A. Reath in Maui and Hawaiʻi Island, March – April 2003

271 specimens · 5 stops · 6 days · 260 km

Harold St.John

Oʻahu and Maui · Dec 1940 – Feb 1941

Harold St.John in Oʻahu and Maui, December 1940 – February 1941

89 specimens · 7 stops · 54 days · 96 km

K. Faccenda

Maui · 21–30 Oct 2022

K. Faccenda in Maui, 21–30 October 2022

94 specimens · 10 stops · 10 days

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date and a known collector is a diary entry. The days are read in order; a gap of more than three weeks ends one journey and starts the next. Days spent where a collector lived most of their life are home, not travel, and are left out.

A journey needs at least five days, forty specimens and two places. Within it, a run of days spent within about ten kilometres is one stop; the stop’s point is the middle of the labels that carry coordinates, or the island’s centre when none do.

Companions are the people whose own labels put them in the same place on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it and feature it; everything else here is read straight off the specimens, and is rebuilt as the records improve.