Journeys
The expeditions, reassembled
Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 706 journeys so far, 1879 to 2024, 154,760 specimens between them.
304 collectors and expeditions13,208 days in the field3,394,751 km between stops109,031 photographed specimens
706 journeys match
Otto Degener
Oʻahu · May – Jul 1923
Otto Degener in Oʻahu, May – July 192356 specimens · 13 stops · 57 days · 979 km
L.D. Whiteaker
3 islands · May – Aug 1980
L.D. Whiteaker in Oʻahu, Savaii and Upolu, May – August 198062 specimens · 16 stops · 82 days · 4,343 km
M.S. Kim
Maui and Oʻahu · Dec 2000 – Feb 2001
M.S. Kim in Maui and Oʻahu, December 2000 – February 2001152 specimens · 4 stops · 45 days · 68 km
Benjamin C. Stone
Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu · 1–13 Aug 1959
Benjamin C. Stone in Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu, 1–13 August 195976 specimens · 9 stops · 13 days · 35 km
William Alanson Bryan
Oʻahu · Nov 1903 – Jan 1904
William Alanson Bryan in Oʻahu, November 1903 – January 190465 specimens · 8 stops · 59 days · 252 km
M. Tsuneshige
Oʻahu · Jan – May 2022
M. Tsuneshige in Oʻahu, January – May 202254 specimens · 13 stops · 112 days
Harold St.John
Kauaʻi and Oʻahu · Dec 1956 – Jan 1957
Harold St.John in Kauaʻi and Oʻahu, December 1956 – January 195784 specimens · 8 stops · 14 days
Otto Degener
4 islands · Jan – Feb 1958
Otto Degener across 4 islands, January – February 195884 specimens · 20 stops · 41 days · 13,268 km
I.E. Lane
Molokaʻi and Oʻahu · Dec 1948 – Jan 1949
I.E. Lane in Molokaʻi and Oʻahu, December 1948 – January 194987 specimens · 6 stops · 27 days · 150 km
Donald Mitchell
Kauaʻi and Oʻahu · Nov 1930 – Jan 1931
Donald Mitchell in Kauaʻi and Oʻahu, November 1930 – January 193164 specimens · 10 stops · 36 days · 254 km
V Townsend Cromwell cruise 32
3 islands of the United States · Jul – Sep 1967
V Townsend Cromwell cruise 32, July – September 1967114 specimens · 10 stops · 74 days · 738 km


George F. Arnemann
Oʻahu and Lānaʻi · Mar – Apr 1961
George F. Arnemann in Oʻahu and Lānaʻi, March – April 196183 specimens · 5 stops · 39 days · 265 km
C. Tiu
Oʻahu · Feb – Apr 1975
C. Tiu in Oʻahu, February – April 197562 specimens · 9 stops · 54 days



C.H. C. Hoyt
Oʻahu · Aug – Nov 1952
C.H. C. Hoyt in Oʻahu, August – November 195289 specimens · 12 stops · 81 days · 134 km
Timothy Flynn
Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu · Feb – Mar 1984
Timothy Flynn in Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu, February – March 198479 specimens · 6 stops · 30 days · 230 km
I.J. Condit
Oʻahu · Apr – May 1959
I.J. Condit in Oʻahu, April – May 195948 specimens · 17 stops · 58 days · 259 km
Maxwell S. Doty
7 islands · May – Jun 1973
Maxwell S. Doty across 7 islands, May – June 197366 specimens · 9 stops · 60 days · 36,912 km
H.J. Fortner
Oʻahu · Jan – May 1974
H.J. Fortner in Oʻahu, January – May 197455 specimens · 11 stops · 103 days · 294 km
Ralph C. DeFelice
Oʻahu and Midway Atoll · Aug – Nov 1997
Ralph C. DeFelice in Oʻahu and Midway Atoll, August – November 1997180 specimens · 3 stops · 78 days · 4,219 km



Edwin Horace Bryan Jr.
5 islands · Mar – Jun 1915
Edwin Horace Bryan Jr. across 5 islands, March – June 191558 specimens · 9 stops · 75 days · 11,034 km
Amy Suehiro
Oʻahu · Sep – Nov 1932
Amy Suehiro in Oʻahu, September – November 193281 specimens · 5 stops · 46 days
M.A. Vaccarino
Oʻahu and Kauaʻi · 20–30 Jul 2009
M.A. Vaccarino in Oʻahu and Kauaʻi, 20–30 July 2009135 specimens · 9 stops · 11 days · 653 km
Liloa Dunn
Oʻahu and Kauaʻi · Jan – Apr 2000
Liloa Dunn in Oʻahu and Kauaʻi, January – April 200047 specimens · 16 stops · 71 days · 509 km
station
4 islands of the United States · Oct – Nov 1958
station, October – November 1958111 specimens · 13 stops · 32 days · 5,167 km
How a journey is found
Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.
A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.
Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.
