Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 706 journeys so far, 1879 to 2024, 154,760 specimens between them.

304 collectors and expeditions13,208 days in the field3,394,751 km between stops109,031 photographed specimens

E.K. Yoshinaga

Oʻahu · Nov 1929 – Jan 1930

E.K. Yoshinaga in Oʻahu, November 1929 – January 1930

53 specimens · 9 stops · 64 days · 252 km

John W. Beardsley

Oʻahu · Jun – Sep 1965

John W. Beardsley in Oʻahu, June – September 1965

81 specimens · 16 stops · 99 days

L.M. Hodgson

Maui and Oʻahu · Mar – Apr 1994

L.M. Hodgson in Maui and Oʻahu, March – April 1994

64 specimens · 7 stops · 34 days · 287 km

Yoshio Miyashiro

Oʻahu · Dec 1957 – Apr 1958

Yoshio Miyashiro in Oʻahu, December 1957 – April 1958

47 specimens · 10 stops · 118 days · 262 km

A.Y. Yoshinaga

4 islands of the United States · Jul – Aug 1967

A.Y. Yoshinaga across 4 islands of the United States, July – August 1967

64 specimens · 8 stops · 43 days · 555 km

Steven Perlman

4 islands of the United States · Jun – Jul 2007

Steven Perlman across 4 islands of the United States, June – July 2007

53 specimens · 10 stops · 37 days · 644 km

M.L. Lohman

3 islands of the United States · Feb – Jun 1948

M.L. Lohman in Oʻahu, Kauaʻi and Hawaiʻi Island, February – June 1948

67 specimens · 21 stops · 125 days · 682 km

K.W. Duker

Oʻahu · Oct – Dec 1932

K.W. Duker in Oʻahu, October – December 1932

48 specimens · 11 stops · 72 days

G.W. Gillett

6 islands of the United States · May – Jul 1966

G.W. Gillett across 6 islands of the United States, May – July 1966

46 specimens · 12 stops · 66 days · 1,081 km

B. Tate

Oʻahu · Oct – Nov 1984

B. Tate in Oʻahu, October – November 1984

54 specimens · 8 stops · 55 days

Maxwell S. Doty

Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu · Aug – Dec 1956

Maxwell S. Doty in Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu, August – December 1956

64 specimens · 9 stops · 118 days · 1,647 km

Tim Bennett

Oʻahu · Feb – Apr 1982

Tim Bennett in Oʻahu, February – April 1982

57 specimens · 8 stops · 40 days · 629 km

H.F. Clay

Maui and Oʻahu · Dec 1948 – Jan 1949

H.F. Clay in Maui and Oʻahu, December 1948 – January 1949

49 specimens · 13 stops · 40 days · 311 km

Seymour H. Sohmer

3 islands of the United States · Dec 1969 – Jan 1970

Seymour H. Sohmer in Hawaiʻi Island, Maui and Oʻahu, December 1969 – January 1970

67 specimens · 8 stops · 13 days · 136 km

Otto Herman Swezey

Maui and Oʻahu · Mar – May 1924

Otto Herman Swezey in Maui and Oʻahu, March – May 1924

64 specimens · 6 stops · 65 days · 228 km

R.L. Stemmermann

Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu · Jun – Sep 1987

R.L. Stemmermann in Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu, June – September 1987

46 specimens · 13 stops · 78 days · 170 km

Paul J. Struhsaker

3 islands of the United States · Nov – Dec 1968

Paul J. Struhsaker in Oʻahu, Molokaʻi and Maui, November – December 1968

105 specimens · 9 stops · 41 days · 573 km

L.M. Hodgson

Oʻahu and Maui · Oct – Nov 2000

L.M. Hodgson in Oʻahu and Maui, October – November 2000

57 specimens · 8 stops · 35 days · 711 km

V Townsend Cromwell cruise 36

Oʻahu and Molokaʻi · Apr – May 1968

V Townsend Cromwell cruise 36, April – May 1968

181 specimens · 4 stops · 10 days · 280 km

Harold St.John

Oʻahu · 4–30 May 1925

Harold St.John in Oʻahu, 4–30 May 1925

94 specimens · 10 stops · 27 days

Seymour H. Sohmer

6 islands · 6–27 Nov 1983

Seymour H. Sohmer across 6 islands, 6–27 November 1983

68 specimens · 6 stops · 22 days

Erling Christophersen

Oʻahu · May – Jun 1930

Erling Christophersen in Oʻahu, May – June 1930

70 specimens · 5 stops · 37 days · 125 km

Charles N. Forbes

Oʻahu and Maui · Feb – May 1919

Charles N. Forbes in Oʻahu and Maui, February – May 1919

44 specimens · 14 stops · 101 days · 191 km

Harold St.John

3 islands of the United States · Jan – Mar 1939

Harold St.John in Kauaʻi, Oʻahu and Molokaʻi, January – March 1939

58 specimens · 8 stops · 34 days · 540 km

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.

A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.

Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.