Journeys
The expeditions, reassembled
Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 706 journeys so far, 1879 to 2024, 154,760 specimens between them.
304 collectors and expeditions13,208 days in the field3,394,751 km between stops109,031 photographed specimens
706 journeys match
K.E. Schlech
Oʻahu and Kauaʻi · Jan – May 1980
K.E. Schlech in Oʻahu and Kauaʻi, January – May 198044 specimens · 10 stops · 131 days · 432 km
R.L. Stemmermann
Oʻahu · Mar – May 1973
R.L. Stemmermann in Oʻahu, March – May 197365 specimens · 16 stops · 49 days


Noel Louis Hilmer Krauss
5 islands · Feb – Apr 1964
Noel Louis Hilmer Krauss across 5 islands, February – April 196452 specimens · 8 stops · 81 days · 17,676 km
M. Nishimoto
Oʻahu · Mar – May 1945
M. Nishimoto in Oʻahu, March – May 194545 specimens · 9 stops · 71 days
Isa Degener
Oʻahu · Mar – May 1962
Isa Degener in Oʻahu, March – May 196246 specimens · 10 stops · 50 days · 319 km
M. Kato
Kauaʻi and Oʻahu · 16–29 Oct 1997
M. Kato in Kauaʻi and Oʻahu, 16–29 October 199752 specimens · 10 stops · 14 days · 254 km
J. Sand
Oʻahu · Nov – Dec 2014
J. Sand in Oʻahu, November – December 201456 specimens · 6 stops · 36 days · 528 km
C.E. Hartt
Oʻahu · Jun – Jul 1936
C.E. Hartt in Oʻahu, June – July 193665 specimens · 4 stops · 56 days · 336 km
F. Raymond Fosberg
7 islands · May – Jun 1985
F. Raymond Fosberg across 7 islands, May – June 198565 specimens · 10 stops · 35 days · 36,228 km
Joseph F. Rock
Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu · 1–29 Dec 1955
Joseph F. Rock in Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu, 1–29 December 195557 specimens · 7 stops · 29 days · 459 km
L.M. Hodgson
3 islands of the United States · Jan – Mar 2000
L.M. Hodgson in Oʻahu, Maui and Midway Atoll, January – March 200042 specimens · 10 stops · 64 days · 2,463 km
K. Ruis
Oʻahu · May – Aug 2024
K. Ruis in Oʻahu, May – August 202441 specimens · 10 stops · 86 days



W.J. Semmens
Oʻahu · Jun – Jul 1940
W.J. Semmens in Oʻahu, June – July 194066 specimens · 4 stops · 40 days · 266 km
W.L. Stern
Kauaʻi and Oʻahu · 1–14 Aug 1961
W.L. Stern in Kauaʻi and Oʻahu, 1–14 August 196175 specimens · 4 stops · 14 days · 137 km
M.L. Lohman
Maui and Oʻahu · 1–30 Dec 1951
M.L. Lohman in Maui and Oʻahu, 1–30 December 195161 specimens · 13 stops · 30 days · 298 km
S.P. Carper
Oʻahu · 11–16 May 1988
S.P. Carper in Oʻahu, 11–16 May 1988136 specimens · 2 stops · 6 days
Gerald R. Allen
4 islands of the United States · May – Aug 1967
Gerald R. Allen across 4 islands of the United States, May – August 196776 specimens · 11 stops · 84 days · 1,310 km
F. Salucop
Oʻahu · Feb – Apr 1937
F. Salucop in Oʻahu, February – April 193747 specimens · 8 stops · 52 days
Seymour H. Sohmer
Maui and Oʻahu · Aug – Sep 1970
Seymour H. Sohmer in Maui and Oʻahu, August – September 197059 specimens · 7 stops · 21 days · 135 km
Kim Starr
Oʻahu and Kahoʻolawe · 8–25 Feb 2005
Kim Starr in Oʻahu and Kahoʻolawe, 8–25 February 200571 specimens · 4 stops · 18 days · 75 km
Forest Starr
Oʻahu and Kahoʻolawe · 8–25 Feb 2005
Forest Starr in Oʻahu and Kahoʻolawe, 8–25 February 200571 specimens · 4 stops · 18 days · 75 km
Stanley Ball
5 islands of the United States · Mar – May 1923
Stanley Ball across 5 islands of the United States, March – May 192372 specimens · 12 stops · 60 days · 3,896 km
Otto Herman Swezey
Oʻahu · Dec 1918 – Mar 1919
Otto Herman Swezey in Oʻahu, December 1918 – March 191985 specimens · 8 stops · 71 days
R. Fox
Oʻahu · 11–16 May 1988
R. Fox in Oʻahu, 11–16 May 1988133 specimens · 2 stops · 6 days
How a journey is found
Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.
A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.
Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.
