Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 706 journeys so far, 1879 to 2024, 154,760 specimens between them.

304 collectors and expeditions13,208 days in the field3,394,751 km between stops109,031 photographed specimens

Tanager Expedition

10 islands of the United States · Apr – Jun 1923

Tanager Expedition, April – June 1923

60 specimens · 8 stops · 62 days · 2,174 km

Roush

Oʻahu · Dec 1988 – Feb 1989

Roush in Oʻahu, December 1988 – February 1989

80 specimens · 4 stops · 60 days · 104 km

Donald Anderson

Oʻahu · 23–31 Jan 1937

Donald Anderson in Oʻahu, 23–31 January 1937

78 specimens · 2 stops · 9 days · 125 km

Wayne N. Takeuchi

Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island · Nov – Dec 1983

Wayne N. Takeuchi in Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island, November – December 1983

55 specimens · 3 stops · 23 days · 518 km

M.L. Lohman

Oʻahu and Maui · Sep – Oct 1949

M.L. Lohman in Oʻahu and Maui, September – October 1949

43 specimens · 7 stops · 39 days · 226 km

Keith D.P. Wilson

Oʻahu and Kauaʻi · Mar – May 1952

Keith D.P. Wilson in Oʻahu and Kauaʻi, March – May 1952

42 specimens · 5 stops · 64 days · 509 km

L.M. Crago

3 islands of the United States · 2–11 Aug 2005

L.M. Crago in Kauaʻi, Maui and Oʻahu, 2–11 August 2005

52 specimens · 4 stops · 10 days · 371 km

Warren L. Wagner Jr.

Maui and Oʻahu · 14–22 Jan 1983

Warren L. Wagner Jr. in Maui and Oʻahu, 14–22 January 1983

61 specimens · 3 stops · 9 days · 129 km

Derral R. Herbst

Lānaʻi and Oʻahu · May – Jun 1974

Derral R. Herbst in Lānaʻi and Oʻahu, May – June 1974

40 specimens · 5 stops · 28 days · 113 km

Malacology Staff

Oʻahu · Jun – Jul 1940

Malacology Staff, June – July 1940

74 specimens · 2 stops · 10 days · 158 km

Jr.William Ellsworth Fisher Jr.

Oʻahu and Maui · Sep – Oct 1982

Jr.William Ellsworth Fisher Jr. in Oʻahu and Maui, September – October 1982

79 specimens · 3 stops · 47 days · 313 km

R. Ueki

Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island · Nov 1971 – Mar 1972

R. Ueki in Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island, November 1971 – March 1972

41 specimens · 16 stops · 110 days · 459 km

Mary Ann Lee

Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island · Apr – May 1990

Mary Ann Lee in Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island, April – May 1990

45 specimens · 4 stops · 22 days · 459 km

Paul Allen

3 islands · May – Aug 1973

Paul Allen in Enewetak Atoll, Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu, May – August 1973

47 specimens · 12 stops · 94 days · 4,973 km

de Wreede

Oʻahu and Maui · 6–10 Aug 1967

de Wreede in Oʻahu and Maui, 6–10 August 1967

55 specimens · 4 stops · 5 days · 124 km

Jane Lathrop Winne

Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island · Nov – Dec 1935

Jane Lathrop Winne in Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island, November – December 1935

58 specimens · 3 stops · 9 days · 185 km

J.M. Huisman

Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu · Mar – May 2002

J.M. Huisman in Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu, March – May 2002

40 specimens · 10 stops · 69 days · 865 km

A.H. Banner O.R.D.M. Banner

Johnston Atoll and Oʻahu · Jul – Aug 1968

A.H. Banner O.R.D.M. Banner in Johnston Atoll and Oʻahu, July – August 1968

72 specimens · 6 stops · 18 days · 1,381 km

Jane Lathrop Winne

Oʻahu · Jun – Jul 1936

Jane Lathrop Winne in Oʻahu, June – July 1936

62 specimens · 2 stops · 22 days

A.G. Whiting

Kauaʻi and Oʻahu · Apr – May 1929

A.G. Whiting in Kauaʻi and Oʻahu, April – May 1929

47 specimens · 4 stops · 11 days · 254 km

Joseph F. Rock

Kauaʻi and Oʻahu · 1–15 Feb 1956

Joseph F. Rock in Kauaʻi and Oʻahu, 1–15 February 1956

45 specimens · 4 stops · 15 days · 509 km

John W. Moore

Oʻahu · Apr – May 1945

John W. Moore in Oʻahu, April – May 1945

107 specimens · 2 stops · 11 days

F. Girdler

Oʻahu · Mar – Apr 1917

F. Girdler in Oʻahu, March – April 1917

62 specimens · 2 stops · 21 days · 141 km

Malacology Staff

Oʻahu · Mar – Apr 1939

Malacology Staff, March – April 1939

60 specimens · 2 stops · 24 days · 125 km

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.

A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.

Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.