Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 706 journeys so far, 1879 to 2024, 154,760 specimens between them.

304 collectors and expeditions13,208 days in the field3,394,751 km between stops109,031 photographed specimens

Jan Newhouse

5 islands · May – Sep 1954

Jan Newhouse across 5 islands, May – September 1954

224 specimens · 51 stops · 114 days · 18,081 km

Afrastini Ismail

3 islands · Jun – Aug 1994

Afrastini Ismail in Bali Timur, Bali and Oʻahu, June – August 1994

196 specimens · 18 stops · 86 days · 105 km

Harold St.John

7 islands · Nov – Dec 1953

Harold St.John across 7 islands, November – December 1953

254 specimens · 14 stops · 33 days · 9,010 km

F.G. Smith

4 islands of the United States · Jan – May 1929

F.G. Smith across 4 islands of the United States, January – May 1929

185 specimens · 19 stops · 110 days · 1,335 km

Welche

Oʻahu · Aug – Oct 1935

Welche in Oʻahu, August – October 1935

298 specimens · 6 stops · 69 days · 257 km

Harold St.John

4 islands of the United States · Nov 1954 – Feb 1955

Harold St.John across 4 islands of the United States, November 1954 – February 1955

193 specimens · 22 stops · 97 days · 1,375 km

Edwin Horace Bryan Jr.

Oʻahu and Maui · Dec 1928 – Feb 1929

Edwin Horace Bryan Jr. in Oʻahu and Maui, December 1928 – February 1929

244 specimens · 12 stops · 88 days · 650 km

John L. Earle

18 islands · Sep – Dec 1993

John L. Earle across 18 islands, September – December 1993

336 specimens · 27 stops · 81 days · 26,222 km

Robert Hobdy

17 islands · Apr – Aug 1982

Robert Hobdy across 17 islands, April – August 1982

250 specimens · 24 stops · 106 days · 16,977 km

A.R.H. Lamberton

4 islands of the United States · May – Jul 1953

A.R.H. Lamberton across 4 islands of the United States, May – July 1953

292 specimens · 31 stops · 36 days · 445 km

H.U. Stauffer

10 islands · Dec 1963 – Apr 1964

H.U. Stauffer across 10 islands, December 1963 – April 1964

165 specimens · 43 stops · 140 days · 17,939 km

C.F. Mant

Oʻahu · May – Jul 1918

C.F. Mant in Oʻahu, May – July 1918

224 specimens · 12 stops · 58 days · 1,248 km

Donald Anderson

Oʻahu · May – Jul 1937

Donald Anderson in Oʻahu, May – July 1937

404 specimens · 3 stops · 67 days · 90 km

M.L. Lohman

3 islands of the United States · Jun – Sep 1948

M.L. Lohman in Maui, Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu, June – September 1948

245 specimens · 33 stops · 83 days · 1,064 km

Rachel Benson

Oʻahu · May – Aug 1930

Rachel Benson in Oʻahu, May – August 1930

219 specimens · 10 stops · 100 days · 618 km

Ralph C. DeFelice

Oʻahu and Molokaʻi · 2–19 Nov 1999

Ralph C. DeFelice in Oʻahu and Molokaʻi, 2–19 November 1999

722 specimens · 5 stops · 18 days · 118 km

Charles N. Forbes

5 islands of the United States · Jun – Sep 1910

Charles N. Forbes across 5 islands of the United States, June – September 1910

246 specimens · 9 stops · 65 days · 763 km

Steven Perlman

5 islands of the United States · Sep 2012 – Mar 2013

Steven Perlman across 5 islands of the United States, September 2012 – March 2013

132 specimens · 40 stops · 170 days · 3,709 km

Wayne C. Gagne

4 islands of the United States · Jan – Nov 1970

Wayne C. Gagne across 4 islands of the United States, January – November 1970

150 specimens · 60 stops · 305 days · 3,577 km

Johnson Randall

9 islands · Jul – Oct 1967

Johnson Randall across 9 islands, July – October 1967

303 specimens · 29 stops · 95 days · 2,620 km

Joseph F. Rock

5 islands of the United States · Aug – Nov 1916

Joseph F. Rock across 5 islands of the United States, August – November 1916

205 specimens · 13 stops · 77 days · 1,762 km

Benjamin C. Stone

3 islands of the United States · Jun – Aug 1955

Benjamin C. Stone in Kauaʻi, Lānaʻi and Oʻahu, June – August 1955

209 specimens · 13 stops · 62 days · 841 km

F. Raymond Fosberg

Oʻahu · May – Jul 1935

F. Raymond Fosberg in Oʻahu, May – July 1935

176 specimens · 19 stops · 77 days · 308 km

Harold St.John

15 islands · Dec 1945 – May 1946

Harold St.John across 15 islands, December 1945 – May 1946

194 specimens · 23 stops · 147 days · 16,487 km

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.

A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.

Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.