Journeys
The expeditions, reassembled
Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 130 journeys so far, 1960 to 1970, 22,657 specimens between them.
69 collectors and expeditions2,399 days in the field714,218 km between stops14,677 photographed specimens
130 journeys match



Yoshio KondoKay Kondo
Oʻahu · Oct – Dec 1960
Yoshio KondoKay Kondo in Oʻahu, October – December 196086 specimens · 6 stops · 55 days · 298 km
Isa Degener
Lānaʻi and Hawaiʻi Island · Jan – Feb 1964
Isa Degener in Lānaʻi and Hawaiʻi Island, January – February 196477 specimens · 8 stops · 27 days · 247 km
station
3 islands of the United States · Jun – Sep 1967
station, June – September 1967116 specimens · 11 stops · 90 days · 907 km
Carl Masaru Yoshimoto
the United States · Sep – Oct 1965
Carl Masaru Yoshimoto in the United States, September – October 1965173 specimens · 6 stops · 25 days
V Townsend Cromwell cruise 35
3 islands of the United States · Mar – Apr 1968
V Townsend Cromwell cruise 35, March – April 1968165 specimens · 7 stops · 13 days · 583 km
V Townsend Cromwell cruise 32
3 islands of the United States · Jul – Sep 1967
V Townsend Cromwell cruise 32, July – September 1967114 specimens · 10 stops · 74 days · 738 km


George F. Arnemann
Oʻahu and Lānaʻi · Mar – Apr 1961
George F. Arnemann in Oʻahu and Lānaʻi, March – April 196183 specimens · 5 stops · 39 days · 265 km
Carl Masaru Yoshimoto
the United States · Mar – Apr 1966
Carl Masaru Yoshimoto in the United States, March – April 1966157 specimens · 6 stops · 28 days
Seymour H. Sohmer
Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island · Aug – Sep 1969
Seymour H. Sohmer in Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island, August – September 196975 specimens · 6 stops · 41 days
C.H. Lamoureux
4 islands · 6–17 Dec 1962
C.H. Lamoureux across 4 islands, 6–17 December 196293 specimens · 6 stops · 12 days
M.G. Iltis
3 islands of the United States · Jul – Aug 1967
M.G. Iltis in Maui, Oʻahu and Kauaʻi, July – August 196786 specimens · 5 stops · 12 days · 141 km
S. Carlquist
Kauaʻi and Oʻahu · 1–27 Aug 1961
S. Carlquist in Kauaʻi and Oʻahu, 1–27 August 196165 specimens · 7 stops · 27 days · 392 km
John W. Beardsley
Oʻahu · Jun – Sep 1965
John W. Beardsley in Oʻahu, June – September 196581 specimens · 16 stops · 99 days
A.Y. Yoshinaga
4 islands of the United States · Jul – Aug 1967
A.Y. Yoshinaga across 4 islands of the United States, July – August 196764 specimens · 8 stops · 43 days · 555 km
G.W. Gillett
6 islands of the United States · May – Jul 1966
G.W. Gillett across 6 islands of the United States, May – July 196646 specimens · 12 stops · 66 days · 1,081 km
Seymour H. Sohmer
3 islands of the United States · Dec 1969 – Jan 1970
Seymour H. Sohmer in Hawaiʻi Island, Maui and Oʻahu, December 1969 – January 197067 specimens · 8 stops · 13 days · 136 km
Paul J. Struhsaker
3 islands of the United States · Nov – Dec 1968
Paul J. Struhsaker in Oʻahu, Molokaʻi and Maui, November – December 1968105 specimens · 9 stops · 41 days · 573 km
V Townsend Cromwell cruise 36
Oʻahu and Molokaʻi · Apr – May 1968
V Townsend Cromwell cruise 36, April – May 1968181 specimens · 4 stops · 10 days · 280 km
Derral R. Herbst
3 islands of the United States · Dec 1969 – Feb 1970
Derral R. Herbst in Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi Island and Kauaʻi, December 1969 – February 197040 specimens · 15 stops · 84 days · 1,198 km
F. Raymond Fosberg
4 islands · Nov – Dec 1963
F. Raymond Fosberg across 4 islands, November – December 196357 specimens · 9 stops · 20 days
Donald Anderson
6 islands · Aug – Nov 1969
Donald Anderson across 6 islands, August – November 196942 specimens · 15 stops · 94 days · 36,629 km


Noel Louis Hilmer Krauss
5 islands · Feb – Apr 1964
Noel Louis Hilmer Krauss across 5 islands, February – April 196452 specimens · 8 stops · 81 days · 17,676 km
Isa Degener
Oʻahu · Mar – May 1962
Isa Degener in Oʻahu, March – May 196246 specimens · 10 stops · 50 days · 319 km
D.E. Yen
3 islands · Jul – Aug 1969
D.E. Yen in Futuna Island, 'Alofi Island and Molokaʻi, July – August 1969139 specimens · 2 stops · 7 days
How a journey is found
Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.
A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.
Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.
