Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 158 journeys so far, 1930 to 1939, 108,802 specimens between them.

87 collectors and expeditions3,325 days in the field736,540 km between stops100,704 photographed specimens

Jane Lathrop Winne

Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island · Nov – Dec 1935

Jane Lathrop Winne in Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island, November – December 1935

58 specimens · 3 stops · 9 days · 185 km

other Native

Pohnpei Island and Kosrae Island · Jan – Feb 1936

other Native in Pohnpei Island and Kosrae Island, January – February 1936

66 specimens · 2 stops · 15 days · 555 km

Jane Lathrop Winne

Oʻahu · Jun – Jul 1936

Jane Lathrop Winne in Oʻahu, June – July 1936

62 specimens · 2 stops · 22 days

Malacology Staff

Oʻahu · Mar – Apr 1939

Malacology Staff, March – April 1939

60 specimens · 2 stops · 24 days · 125 km

Fosberg F. Raymond

Kauaʻi · 25–30 Dec 1933

Fosberg F. Raymond in Kauaʻi, 25–30 December 1933

69 specimens · 2 stops · 6 days · 35 km

Alex B. Anderson

3 islands of French Polynesia · 8–26 Aug 1934

Alex B. Anderson in Tubuai, Rurutu and Raivavae, 8–26 August 1934

40 specimens · 5 stops · 19 days · 411 km

C.W. Isle

Oʻahu · May – Jun 1936

C.W. Isle in Oʻahu, May – June 1936

58 specimens · 2 stops · 7 days · 31 km

George McGowan

Oʻahu · Apr – May 1933

George McGowan in Oʻahu, April – May 1933

40 specimens · 3 stops · 15 days · 134 km

Zaca Exp

Tutuila and Savaii · 1–25 Oct 1936

Zaca Exp in Tutuila and Savaii, 1–25 October 1936

46 specimens · 2 stops · 25 days · 207 km

D'Alte A. Welch

Hawaiʻi Island · Dec 1935 – Jan 1936

D'Alte A. Welch in Hawaiʻi Island, December 1935 – January 1936

56 specimens · 2 stops · 6 days · 87 km

Erling Christophersen

Tutuila and Upolu · 24–29 Jun 1931

Erling Christophersen in Tutuila and Upolu, 24–29 June 1931

53 specimens · 3 stops · 6 days · 145 km

Elwood Curtin Zimmerman

Kauaʻi and Oʻahu · Jan – Feb 1935

Elwood Curtin Zimmerman in Kauaʻi and Oʻahu, January – February 1935

42 specimens · 4 stops · 21 days · 179 km

Yoshio KondoKay Kondo

Mangareva · May – Jun 1934

Yoshio KondoKay Kondo in Mangareva, May – June 1934

44 specimens · 2 stops · 12 days · 4 km

Elwood Curtin Zimmerman

Oʻahu · 11–20 Nov 1934

Elwood Curtin Zimmerman in Oʻahu, 11–20 November 1934

63 specimens · 3 stops · 10 days

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.

A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.

Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.