Journeys
The expeditions, reassembled
Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 269 journeys so far, 1930 to 1940, 124,246 specimens between them.
144 collectors and expeditions5,286 days in the field971,237 km between stops113,490 photographed specimens
269 journeys match



Jacob Zimmerman
Viti Levu · Jul – Aug 1938
Jacob Zimmerman in Viti Levu, July – August 1938121 specimens · 3 stops · 6 days · 107 km
E.S.C. Handy
4 islands of the United States · Jul – Sep 1931
E.S.C. Handy across 4 islands of the United States, July – September 193171 specimens · 5 stops · 43 days · 1,582 km
K.W. Duker
Oʻahu · Oct – Dec 1932
K.W. Duker in Oʻahu, October – December 193248 specimens · 11 stops · 72 days
H. Morley
Hawaiʻi Island · Jul – Aug 1934
H. Morley in Hawaiʻi Island, July – August 193462 specimens · 7 stops · 33 days · 35 km
W.P. Cottam
Plummer`S · May – Aug 1938
W.P. Cottam in Plummer`S, May – August 193867 specimens · 24 stops · 98 days
Erling Christophersen
Oʻahu · May – Jun 1930
Erling Christophersen in Oʻahu, May – June 193070 specimens · 5 stops · 37 days · 125 km
Harold St.John
3 islands of the United States · Jan – Mar 1939
Harold St.John in Kauaʻi, Oʻahu and Molokaʻi, January – March 193958 specimens · 8 stops · 34 days · 540 km



Jane Lathrop Winne
Oʻahu · 21–28 Dec 1932
Jane Lathrop Winne in Oʻahu, 21–28 December 1932131 specimens · 2 stops · 8 days · 154 km
E. Ordonez
Oʻahu · Mar – Jun 1939
E. Ordonez in Oʻahu, March – June 193941 specimens · 12 stops · 90 days · 315 km
Otto Degener
Kauaʻi and Oʻahu · Dec 1939 – Jan 1940
Otto Degener in Kauaʻi and Oʻahu, December 1939 – January 194046 specimens · 12 stops · 36 days · 254 km



Malacology Staff
Oʻahu · 5–14 Feb 1939
Malacology Staff, 5–14 February 1939123 specimens · 2 stops · 10 days · 23 km
V.O. Fosberg
Oʻahu · Mar – May 1937
V.O. Fosberg in Oʻahu, March – May 193749 specimens · 8 stops · 71 days
Michael Martinez
Oʻahu · Mar – Apr 1936
Michael Martinez in Oʻahu, March – April 193650 specimens · 9 stops · 39 days · 294 km
J.C. Lindsay
Kauaʻi · Dec 1930 – Jan 1931
J.C. Lindsay in Kauaʻi, December 1930 – January 193159 specimens · 8 stops · 15 days
W. Wong
Kauaʻi · Dec 1930 – Jan 1931
W. Wong in Kauaʻi, December 1930 – January 193159 specimens · 8 stops · 15 days
R. Masuhara
Kauaʻi · Dec 1930 – Jan 1931
R. Masuhara in Kauaʻi, December 1930 – January 193159 specimens · 8 stops · 15 days



George T. Barker
5 islands · May – Jun 1933
George T. Barker across 5 islands, May – June 193370 specimens · 4 stops · 31 days · 681 km



Crocker Expedition
5 islands · May – Jun 1933
Crocker Expedition, May – June 193370 specimens · 4 stops · 31 days · 681 km



Z. Ono
3 islands of Micronesia · Dec 1935 – Jan 1936
Z. Ono in Tonowas, Kosrae Island and Pohnpei Island, December 1935 – January 193670 specimens · 4 stops · 40 days · 1,256 km
C.E. Hartt
Oʻahu · Jun – Jul 1936
C.E. Hartt in Oʻahu, June – July 193665 specimens · 4 stops · 56 days · 336 km
J.C. Lindsay
Hawaiʻi Island · 21–29 Dec 1931
J.C. Lindsay in Hawaiʻi Island, 21–29 December 193168 specimens · 6 stops · 9 days
J.W. Coulter
Hawaiʻi Island · 21–31 Dec 1931
J.W. Coulter in Hawaiʻi Island, 21–31 December 193171 specimens · 5 stops · 11 days



Zimmerman Elwood C.Donald Anderson
Raivavae and Rapa · Jul – Aug 1934
Zimmerman Elwood C.Donald Anderson in Raivavae and Rapa, July – August 1934110 specimens · 2 stops · 14 days · 530 km
Templeton Crocker Expedition
9 islands · May – Jul 1933
Templeton Crocker Expedition, May – July 193353 specimens · 10 stops · 64 days · 1,704 km
How a journey is found
Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.
A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.
Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.
