Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 264 journeys so far, 1960 to 1970, 39,871 specimens between them.

159 collectors and expeditions5,213 days in the field1,373,261 km between stops28,684 photographed specimens

J. Cooper

7 islands · Jul – Aug 1962

J. Cooper across 7 islands, July – August 1962

57 specimens · 3 stops · 32 days · 5,566 km

William J. Hoe

Maui and Molokaʻi · 25–29 Jan 1965

William J. Hoe in Maui and Molokaʻi, 25–29 January 1965

53 specimens · 5 stops · 5 days · 122 km

Grace Burgess Grace Burgess

Johnston Atoll · Jan – Mar 1964

Grace Burgess Grace Burgess in Johnston Atoll, January – March 1964

45 specimens · 17 stops · 68 days · 5,031 km

S. Pillay

Viti Levu and Naitasiri · Jun – Jul 1960

S. Pillay in Viti Levu and Naitasiri, June – July 1960

40 specimens · 8 stops · 49 days

K.E. Mshigeni

3 islands · Dec 1969 – Jan 1970

K.E. Mshigeni in Fundo, Pemba and Kwata, December 1969 – January 1970

44 specimens · 6 stops · 29 days

H.W. Frings

Midway Atoll · 1–16 Apr 1962

H.W. Frings in Midway Atoll, 1–16 April 1962

56 specimens · 3 stops · 16 days

de Wreede

Oʻahu and Maui · 6–10 Aug 1967

de Wreede in Oʻahu and Maui, 6–10 August 1967

55 specimens · 4 stops · 5 days · 124 km

C.H. Lamoureux

South Island and New Caledonia · 12–25 Jul 1966

C.H. Lamoureux in South Island and New Caledonia, 12–25 July 1966

55 specimens · 3 stops · 14 days · 2,990 km

Walter Hambuechen

3 islands of French Polynesia · 1–5 Dec 1960

Walter Hambuechen in Rurutu, Tubuai and Raivavae, 1–5 December 1960

83 specimens · 3 stops · 5 days

van Royen

the United States · 1–28 Aug 1969

van Royen in the United States, 1–28 August 1969

48 specimens · 11 stops · 28 days

M. Bambiyau

Matuku Island · 9–13 Sep 1968

M. Bambiyau in Matuku Island, 9–13 September 1968

58 specimens · 3 stops · 5 days · 2 km

E. Soepadmo

Selangor and Malaya · 4–20 Apr 1968

E. Soepadmo in Selangor and Malaya, 4–20 April 1968

47 specimens · 3 stops · 17 days

C.H. Lamoureux

3 islands · 12–17 Aug 1964

C.H. Lamoureux in Kure Atoll, Midway Atoll and Laysan, 12–17 August 1964

45 specimens · 4 stops · 6 days · 111 km

A.J. Bernatowicz

Great Britain · May – Jun 1962

A.J. Bernatowicz in Great Britain, May – June 1962

51 specimens · 3 stops · 5 days

D. Koroiveibau

Vanua Levu · May – Jun 1967

D. Koroiveibau in Vanua Levu, May – June 1967

40 specimens · 4 stops · 14 days

G.J. Hollenberg

5 islands of the United States · Apr – May 1965

G.J. Hollenberg across 5 islands of the United States, April – May 1965

51 specimens · 5 stops · 16 days · 192 km

C.M. Iltis

Hawaiʻi Island · 19–23 Jun 1967

C.M. Iltis in Hawaiʻi Island, 19–23 June 1967

43 specimens · 4 stops · 5 days · 8 km

Brenda Bishop

3 islands of the United States · 3–18 Aug 1963

Brenda Bishop in Molokaʻi, Oʻahu and Kauaʻi, 3–18 August 1963

49 specimens · 2 stops · 16 days · 50 km

Luther E. Bishop

Costa Rica · 6–17 Jul 1967

Luther E. Bishop in Costa Rica, 6–17 July 1967

50 specimens · 2 stops · 12 days

Anthony Polansky

Oʻahu · Jan – Feb 1964

Anthony Polansky in Oʻahu, January – February 1964

45 specimens · 2 stops · 18 days

C.H. Lamoureux

Oʻahu and Laysan · Oct – Nov 1961

C.H. Lamoureux in Oʻahu and Laysan, October – November 1961

42 specimens · 3 stops · 13 days · 3,225 km

M.L. Bristol

Savaii · 25–29 Jun 1968

M.L. Bristol in Savaii, 25–29 June 1968

48 specimens · 5 stops · 5 days

Maxwell S. Doty

Oʻahu · Mar – Apr 1960

Maxwell S. Doty in Oʻahu, March – April 1960

42 specimens · 5 stops · 19 days · 164 km

Natives

Guadalcanal Island · 13–17 Feb 1966

Natives in Guadalcanal Island, 13–17 February 1966

42 specimens · 2 stops · 5 days · 21 km

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.

A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.

Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.