Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 264 journeys so far, 1960 to 1970, 39,871 specimens between them.

159 collectors and expeditions5,213 days in the field1,373,261 km between stops28,684 photographed specimens

Carl Masaru Yoshimoto

4 islands · Jan – Mar 1963

Carl Masaru Yoshimoto across 4 islands, January – March 1963

87 specimens · 19 stops · 39 days · 7,539 km

C. Kalkman

New Guinea · Jun – Sep 1966

C. Kalkman in New Guinea, June – September 1966

104 specimens · 6 stops · 98 days · 628 km

F. Raymond Fosberg

4 islands of the United States · Feb – Apr 1963

F. Raymond Fosberg across 4 islands of the United States, February – April 1963

100 specimens · 18 stops · 41 days · 24,929 km

E.F. Melville

5 islands of New Zealand · Feb – Mar 1962

E.F. Melville across 5 islands of New Zealand, February – March 1962

104 specimens · 9 stops · 37 days

C.H. Lamoureux

3 islands of the United States · Jun – Jul 1962

C.H. Lamoureux in Molokaʻi, Maui and Midway Atoll, June – July 1962

151 specimens · 4 stops · 36 days · 2,230 km

Alan J. Kohn

Jan – May 1964

Alan J. Kohn, January – May 1964

58 specimens · 25 stops · 106 days

James E. Norton

Jan – May 1964

James E. Norton, January – May 1964

58 specimens · 25 stops · 106 days

C.C. Brooks

Manihi · Apr – Jun 1967

C.C. Brooks in Manihi, April – June 1967

101 specimens · 22 stops · 71 days

W.T. Brooks

Manihi · Apr – Jun 1967

W.T. Brooks in Manihi, April – June 1967

101 specimens · 22 stops · 71 days

R.M. King

Thailand · Jun – Jul 1963

R.M. King in Thailand, June – July 1963

95 specimens · 8 stops · 44 days

Otto Degener

Kauaʻi and Oʻahu · Feb – May 1961

Otto Degener in Kauaʻi and Oʻahu, February – May 1961

71 specimens · 15 stops · 76 days · 1,137 km

M.D. Hoyle

the United States · Jun – Jul 1967

M.D. Hoyle in the United States, June – July 1967

82 specimens · 14 stops · 28 days

D.G. Frodin

New Britain and Marklo Island · Mar – May 1966

D.G. Frodin in New Britain and Marklo Island, March – May 1966

71 specimens · 15 stops · 84 days · 2,009 km

Yoshio KondoKay Kondo

Oʻahu and Molokaʻi · Jul – Aug 1961

Yoshio KondoKay Kondo in Oʻahu and Molokaʻi, July – August 1961

147 specimens · 3 stops · 44 days · 187 km

Robert Hobdy

Kauaʻi and Lānaʻi · Nov 1968 – Jan 1969

Robert Hobdy in Kauaʻi and Lānaʻi, November 1968 – January 1969

75 specimens · 15 stops · 69 days · 587 km

V.M. Moll

Adi Island and Adi · Feb – Apr 1961

V.M. Moll in Adi Island and Adi, February – April 1961

101 specimens · 7 stops · 45 days

Pele Expedition 1963

Oʻahu · 1–26 Jun 1963

Pele Expedition 1963, 1–26 June 1963

151 specimens · 3 stops · 26 days · 257 km

Yoshio KondoKay Kondo

4 islands · May – Aug 1962

Yoshio KondoKay Kondo across 4 islands, May – August 1962

76 specimens · 12 stops · 89 days · 12,838 km

C.H. Lamoureux

5 islands of the United States · 1–14 Sep 1961

C.H. Lamoureux across 5 islands of the United States, 1–14 September 1961

109 specimens · 8 stops · 14 days · 1,751 km

M.A. Weiner

4 islands · Sep – Oct 1969

M.A. Weiner across 4 islands, September – October 1969

108 specimens · 12 stops · 28 days

Maxwell S. Doty

3 islands of the United States · Mar – May 1965

Maxwell S. Doty in Maui, Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu, March – May 1965

99 specimens · 11 stops · 79 days · 1,350 km

W.J. Gilbert

6 islands · Jun – Aug 1963

W.J. Gilbert across 6 islands, June – August 1963

69 specimens · 15 stops · 62 days · 5,418 km

Dinau Yalikanathea

5 islands · Aug – Sep 1968

Dinau Yalikanathea across 5 islands, August – September 1968

124 specimens · 5 stops · 14 days · 1,339 km

Otto Degener

Oʻahu · Feb – May 1962

Otto Degener in Oʻahu, February – May 1962

60 specimens · 18 stops · 103 days · 319 km

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.

A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.

Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.