Journeys
The expeditions, reassembled
Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 357 journeys so far, 1879 to 2026, 75,110 specimens between them.
182 collectors and expeditions6,643 days in the field999,543 km between stops55,453 photographed specimens
357 journeys match
Otto Herman Swezey
3 islands of the United States · May – Jul 1932
Otto Herman Swezey in Kauaʻi, Oʻahu and Molokaʻi, May – July 193269 specimens · 23 stops · 54 days · 540 km
Paul K. Higashino
4 islands of the United States · Feb – Mar 1975
Paul K. Higashino across 4 islands of the United States, February – March 197586 specimens · 11 stops · 51 days · 498 km
Maxwell S. Doty
5 islands · Jan – May 1959
Maxwell S. Doty across 5 islands, January – May 195970 specimens · 17 stops · 110 days · 10,865 km
Derral R. Herbst
Kauaʻi and Maui · Nov 1972 – Feb 1973
Derral R. Herbst in Kauaʻi and Maui, November 1972 – February 197358 specimens · 11 stops · 79 days · 768 km



Carolene Charley
Kauaʻi · 14–19 Jun 1914
Carolene Charley in Kauaʻi, 14–19 June 1914140 specimens · 3 stops · 6 days · 64 km
Harold St.John
Kauaʻi and Oʻahu · Dec 1956 – Jan 1957
Harold St.John in Kauaʻi and Oʻahu, December 1956 – January 195784 specimens · 8 stops · 14 days
Steven Perlman
Kauaʻi · Jul – Sep 1979
Steven Perlman in Kauaʻi, July – September 197968 specimens · 10 stops · 78 days
Donald Mitchell
Kauaʻi and Oʻahu · Nov 1930 – Jan 1931
Donald Mitchell in Kauaʻi and Oʻahu, November 1930 – January 193164 specimens · 10 stops · 36 days · 254 km
J.R. Shevock
Kauaʻi · 24–29 Jan 2018
J.R. Shevock in Kauaʻi, 24–29 January 2018121 specimens · 6 stops · 6 days


Edward Yataro Hosaka
5 islands of the United States · Jul – Aug 1931
Edward Yataro Hosaka across 5 islands of the United States, July – August 193182 specimens · 6 stops · 24 days · 1,149 km



William H. Meinecke
Kauaʻi · 23–28 Dec 1926
William H. Meinecke in Kauaʻi, 23–28 December 1926170 specimens · 2 stops · 6 days · 32 km
M.A. Vaccarino
Oʻahu and Kauaʻi · 20–30 Jul 2009
M.A. Vaccarino in Oʻahu and Kauaʻi, 20–30 July 2009135 specimens · 9 stops · 11 days · 653 km
Liloa Dunn
Oʻahu and Kauaʻi · Jan – Apr 2000
Liloa Dunn in Oʻahu and Kauaʻi, January – April 200047 specimens · 16 stops · 71 days · 509 km
Thomas G. Lammers
4 islands of the United States · Jun – Jul 1985
Thomas G. Lammers across 4 islands of the United States, June – July 198563 specimens · 12 stops · 18 days · 636 km
R.C. Gardner
6 islands · Jan – Mar 1975
R.C. Gardner across 6 islands, January – March 197549 specimens · 15 stops · 54 days · 18,774 km
H.A. Miller
3 islands of the United States · Nov 1952 – Feb 1953
H.A. Miller in Kauaʻi, Oʻahu and Molokaʻi, November 1952 – February 195356 specimens · 15 stops · 82 days · 608 km
J.R. Johansen
Oʻahu and Kauaʻi · 20–30 Jul 2009
J.R. Johansen in Oʻahu and Kauaʻi, 20–30 July 2009131 specimens · 9 stops · 11 days · 653 km
K. Shultz
Oʻahu and Kauaʻi · 4–27 Apr 2001
K. Shultz in Oʻahu and Kauaʻi, 4–27 April 2001201 specimens · 3 stops · 24 days · 184 km
Charles N. Forbes
3 islands of the United States · Oct 1910 – Jan 1911
Charles N. Forbes in Oʻahu, Maui and Kauaʻi, October 1910 – January 191148 specimens · 16 stops · 97 days · 1,320 km
Steven Perlman
4 islands of the United States · Apr – Jul 2012
Steven Perlman across 4 islands of the United States, April – July 201247 specimens · 14 stops · 84 days · 1,122 km
Isa Degener
Kauaʻi · Sep – Oct 1955
Isa Degener in Kauaʻi, September – October 195559 specimens · 10 stops · 31 days · 126 km
Earl T. Ozaki
3 islands of the United States · Dec 1953 – Jan 1954
Earl T. Ozaki in Molokaʻi, Kauaʻi and Hawaiʻi Island, December 1953 – January 1954103 specimens · 5 stops · 11 days · 710 km
W.H. Hatheway
Kauaʻi · Jan – Feb 1950
W.H. Hatheway in Kauaʻi, January – February 195073 specimens · 8 stops · 12 days
David Palmer
Kauaʻi and Maui · Jun – Jul 1992
David Palmer in Kauaʻi and Maui, June – July 199262 specimens · 8 stops · 47 days · 338 km
How a journey is found
Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.
A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.
Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.
