Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 357 journeys so far, 1879 to 2026, 75,110 specimens between them.

182 collectors and expeditions6,643 days in the field999,543 km between stops55,453 photographed specimens

Clarence H. Cooke Jr.

3 islands of the United States · 1–19 Jun 1923

Clarence H. Cooke Jr. in Nihoa, Mokumanamana and Kauaʻi, 1–19 June 1923

307 specimens · 8 stops · 19 days · 786 km

L.M. Hodgson

4 islands of the United States · Feb – May 2001

L.M. Hodgson across 4 islands of the United States, February – May 2001

164 specimens · 23 stops · 108 days · 1,950 km

Wayne N. Takeuchi

3 islands of the United States · Jul – Oct 1983

Wayne N. Takeuchi in Kauaʻi, Oʻahu and Maui, July – October 1983

183 specimens · 17 stops · 71 days · 1,520 km

Clarence H. Cooke Jr.

Kauaʻi · Sep – Oct 1930

Clarence H. Cooke Jr. in Kauaʻi, September – October 1930

323 specimens · 5 stops · 23 days · 140 km

Otto Degener

4 islands · Dec 1949 – May 1950

Otto Degener across 4 islands, December 1949 – May 1950

142 specimens · 27 stops · 159 days · 1,031 km

Alvin K. Chock

3 islands of the United States · Dec 1951 – Mar 1952

Alvin K. Chock in Maui, Kauaʻi and Oʻahu, December 1951 – March 1952

166 specimens · 19 stops · 99 days · 1,160 km

Steven Perlman

7 islands · Jan – Apr 2009

Steven Perlman across 7 islands, January – April 2009

157 specimens · 25 stops · 94 days · 15,389 km

Otto Degener

4 islands · Jun – Dec 1922

Otto Degener across 4 islands, June – December 1922

113 specimens · 48 stops · 194 days · 3,540 km

Derral R. Herbst

Oʻahu and Kauaʻi · Feb – Jun 1966

Derral R. Herbst in Oʻahu and Kauaʻi, February – June 1966

143 specimens · 23 stops · 124 days · 935 km

Derral R. Herbst

3 islands of the United States · Feb – Jul 1967

Derral R. Herbst in Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi Island and Kauaʻi, February – July 1967

135 specimens · 25 stops · 141 days · 459 km

John August Kusche

Kauaʻi · Apr – Jun 1920

John August Kusche in Kauaʻi, April – June 1920

360 specimens · 10 stops · 68 days · 63 km

Otto Degener

4 islands · Nov – Dec 1960

Otto Degener across 4 islands, November – December 1960

150 specimens · 23 stops · 43 days · 12,274 km

C.T. Imada

3 islands of the United States · 3–14 Mar 1988

C.T. Imada in Maui, Hawaiʻi Island and Kauaʻi, 3–14 March 1988

221 specimens · 12 stops · 12 days · 211 km

W.J. Gilbert

5 islands of the United States · Feb – Jun 1959

W.J. Gilbert across 5 islands of the United States, February – June 1959

116 specimens · 37 stops · 105 days · 3,345 km

C.F. Puttock

4 islands of the United States · May – Jun 2000

C.F. Puttock across 4 islands of the United States, May – June 2000

361 specimens · 8 stops · 30 days · 843 km

T. Matsui

5 islands of the United States · Feb – Sep 1959

T. Matsui across 5 islands of the United States, February – September 1959

149 specimens · 23 stops · 206 days · 3,203 km

Jr.William Ellsworth Fisher Jr.

4 islands of the United States · May – Jun 2000

Jr.William Ellsworth Fisher Jr. across 4 islands of the United States, May – June 2000

357 specimens · 8 stops · 30 days · 843 km

R.S. Cowan

Kauaʻi · Dec 1947 – Jan 1948

R.S. Cowan in Kauaʻi, December 1947 – January 1948

203 specimens · 12 stops · 20 days

Clarence H. Cooke Jr.

Kauaʻi · Sep – Oct 1922

Clarence H. Cooke Jr. in Kauaʻi, September – October 1922

348 specimens · 3 stops · 21 days · 35 km

Robert L. Usinger

Lānaʻi and Kauaʻi · Nov 1935 – Jan 1936

Robert L. Usinger in Lānaʻi and Kauaʻi, November 1935 – January 1936

221 specimens · 10 stops · 53 days · 259 km

Harold St.John

Kauaʻi · Mar – Jun 1926

Harold St.John in Kauaʻi, March – June 1926

270 specimens · 15 stops · 91 days

R. Inafuku

Kauaʻi and Oʻahu · Dec 1930 – May 1931

R. Inafuku in Kauaʻi and Oʻahu, December 1930 – May 1931

116 specimens · 26 stops · 147 days · 509 km

Alvin K. Chock

Kauaʻi and Hawaiʻi Island · Jul – Sep 1953

Alvin K. Chock in Kauaʻi and Hawaiʻi Island, July – September 1953

163 specimens · 14 stops · 46 days

William H. Meinecke

Kauaʻi · Jun – Jul 1927

William H. Meinecke in Kauaʻi, June – July 1927

365 specimens · 3 stops · 11 days · 37 km

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.

A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.

Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.