Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 357 journeys so far, 1879 to 2026, 75,110 specimens between them.

182 collectors and expeditions6,643 days in the field999,543 km between stops55,453 photographed specimens

W.J. Gilbert

6 islands · Jun – Aug 1963

W.J. Gilbert across 6 islands, June – August 1963

69 specimens · 15 stops · 62 days · 5,418 km

Marie Catherine Neal

Kauaʻi · 1–20 Sep 1921

Marie Catherine Neal in Kauaʻi, 1–20 September 1921

153 specimens · 3 stops · 20 days · 38 km

F. Fagerlind

6 islands of the United States · Jan – Apr 1948

F. Fagerlind across 6 islands of the United States, January – April 1948

70 specimens · 24 stops · 78 days · 1,702 km

Pakki A. Reath

Kauaʻi · 11–16 Nov 2002

Pakki A. Reath in Kauaʻi, 11–16 November 2002

294 specimens · 4 stops · 6 days · 170 km

Otto Herman Swezey

3 islands of the United States · Mar – Jul 1920

Otto Herman Swezey in Oʻahu, Maui and Kauaʻi, March – July 1920

103 specimens · 19 stops · 129 days · 191 km

Kenneth M. Nagata

4 islands of the United States · May – Jul 1979

Kenneth M. Nagata across 4 islands of the United States, May – July 1979

80 specimens · 12 stops · 44 days · 1,220 km

Wayne N. Takeuchi

Kauaʻi and Oʻahu · Sep – Dec 1982

Wayne N. Takeuchi in Kauaʻi and Oʻahu, September – December 1982

79 specimens · 8 stops · 68 days · 254 km

Warren L. Wagner Jr.

Kauaʻi · 26–31 Aug 1983

Warren L. Wagner Jr. in Kauaʻi, 26–31 August 1983

131 specimens · 5 stops · 6 days

M. Kiehn

5 islands of the United States · Jul – Sep 1990

M. Kiehn across 5 islands of the United States, July – September 1990

60 specimens · 16 stops · 65 days · 1,646 km

G. Clarke

3 islands of the United States · 9–25 Apr 1980

G. Clarke in Kahoʻolawe, Kauaʻi and Maui, 9–25 April 1980

125 specimens · 4 stops · 17 days · 403 km

Charles N. Forbes

Oʻahu and Kauaʻi · Nov 1909 – Jan 1910

Charles N. Forbes in Oʻahu and Kauaʻi, November 1909 – January 1910

61 specimens · 15 stops · 61 days · 1,270 km

C. Corn

Kauaʻi and Hawaiʻi Island · Jun – Jul 1977

C. Corn in Kauaʻi and Hawaiʻi Island, June – July 1977

96 specimens · 6 stops · 31 days · 815 km

Arthur Greenwell

Kauaʻi · 4–19 Jan 1952

Arthur Greenwell in Kauaʻi, 4–19 January 1952

81 specimens · 11 stops · 16 days

Benjamin C. Stone

4 islands · Nov 1959 – Jan 1960

Benjamin C. Stone across 4 islands, November 1959 – January 1960

69 specimens · 11 stops · 48 days · 4,760 km

Warren L. Wagner Jr.

3 islands of the United States · May – Jun 1985

Warren L. Wagner Jr. in Hawaiʻi Island, Kauaʻi and Oʻahu, May – June 1985

90 specimens · 6 stops · 32 days · 484 km

K. Faccenda

Kauaʻi and Hawaiʻi Island · Jun – Jul 2024

K. Faccenda in Kauaʻi and Hawaiʻi Island, June – July 2024

107 specimens · 8 stops · 24 days · 450 km

G.J. Spence

4 islands of the United States · Oct – Dec 1972

G.J. Spence across 4 islands of the United States, October – December 1972

55 specimens · 15 stops · 75 days · 1,315 km

Steven L. Montgomery

Kauaʻi and Oʻahu · May – Sep 1970

Steven L. Montgomery in Kauaʻi and Oʻahu, May – September 1970

52 specimens · 23 stops · 107 days · 763 km

C. Corn

Molokaʻi and Kauaʻi · Apr – May 1982

C. Corn in Molokaʻi and Kauaʻi, April – May 1982

103 specimens · 5 stops · 24 days · 293 km

van Balgooy

Oʻahu and Kauaʻi · May – Jun 1982

van Balgooy in Oʻahu and Kauaʻi, May – June 1982

91 specimens · 7 stops · 13 days · 509 km

K.L. Marr

3 islands of the United States · Apr – Aug 1988

K.L. Marr in Oʻahu, Kauaʻi and Hawaiʻi Island, April – August 1988

50 specimens · 16 stops · 107 days · 1,706 km

Maxwell S. Doty

4 islands of the United States · Oct – Dec 1955

Maxwell S. Doty across 4 islands of the United States, October – December 1955

78 specimens · 10 stops · 80 days · 1,239 km

Clarence H. Cooke Jr.

Molokaʻi and Kauaʻi · Mar – Apr 1914

Clarence H. Cooke Jr. in Molokaʻi and Kauaʻi, March – April 1914

105 specimens · 4 stops · 25 days · 343 km

F.R. Warshauer

Kauaʻi and Molokaʻi · May – Jun 1981

F.R. Warshauer in Kauaʻi and Molokaʻi, May – June 1981

62 specimens · 15 stops · 44 days · 236 km

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date (year, month and day; a bare “1 January” is treated as a missing day) and a named collector is a diary entry. For each collector the days are read in order, each day given the place most of its labels name. The place where a collector spent more than forty percent of their days, and at least sixty of them, is home: days there are left out.

A gap of more than 21 days between collecting days ends one journey and begins the next. A journey must run five to four hundred days, hold at least forty specimens and touch at least two places. Within it, consecutive days inside the same or a neighbouring tenth-of-a-degree cell (about eleven kilometres) are one stop; the stop’s point is the mean of its labels’ coordinates, or the island’s centre when none carry any.

Companions are collectors whose own labels put them in the same cell on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it, feature it or hide it; those words survive every rebuild. Everything else is read off the specimens and rebuilt by harvest.mjs expeditions as the records improve.