Bishop MuseumExplore

Journeys

The expeditions, reassembled

Every dated label is a diary entry. Read a collector’s labels in order and the voyage comes back: the islands in sequence, the days at each, the specimens from every stop. 2,592 journeys so far, 1874 to 2026, 493,508 specimens between them.

1,114 collectors and expeditions42,779 days in the field8,765,933 km between stops330,332 photographed specimens

Walter M. Giffard

Hawaiʻi Island · Jun – Aug 1927

Walter M. Giffard in Hawaiʻi Island, June – August 1927

248 specimens · 25 stops · 60 days · 184 km

Steven Perlman

4 islands of the United States · Mar – Oct 1991

Steven Perlman across 4 islands of the United States, March – October 1991

189 specimens · 38 stops · 211 days · 6,398 km

Rhett M. McNair

15 islands of French Polynesia · Dec 1970 – May 1971

Rhett M. McNair across 15 islands of French Polynesia, December 1970 – May 1971

421 specimens · 26 stops · 153 days · 4,423 km

Acad. Of Nat. Sci. Philadelphia

Maui · Jan – Mar 1957

Acad. Of Nat. Sci. Philadelphia in Maui, January – March 1957

239 specimens · 27 stops · 45 days

R. Tucker Abbott

Maui · Jan – Mar 1957

R. Tucker Abbott in Maui, January – March 1957

239 specimens · 27 stops · 45 days

Karla J. McDermid

8 islands of the United States · Sep – Oct 2002

Karla J. McDermid across 8 islands of the United States, September – October 2002

383 specimens · 11 stops · 25 days · 2,834 km

R.L. Stemmermann

3 islands of the United States · May – Aug 1979

R.L. Stemmermann in Molokaʻi, Hawaiʻi Island and Oʻahu, May – August 1979

252 specimens · 25 stops · 94 days · 1,167 km

Robert L. Usinger

Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island · Jun – Nov 1935

Robert L. Usinger in Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi Island, June – November 1935

378 specimens · 27 stops · 135 days · 641 km

Kondo

4 islands · Sep – Oct 1934

Kondo across 4 islands, September – October 1934

488 specimens · 5 stops · 18 days · 221 km

A. Bailey

7 islands of the Solomon Islands · Jul – Oct 1965

A. Bailey across 7 islands of the Solomon Islands, July – October 1965

208 specimens · 37 stops · 123 days · 1,149 km

M.-H Sachet

8 islands of French Polynesia · Nov 1974 – Feb 1975

M.-H Sachet across 8 islands of French Polynesia, November 1974 – February 1975

286 specimens · 34 stops · 108 days · 4,737 km

Johnson Randall

15 islands of Israel · Sep – Oct 1974

Johnson Randall across 15 islands of Israel, September – October 1974

454 specimens · 30 stops · 42 days

Harold St.John

3 islands of the United States · Dec 1937 – Jan 1938

Harold St.John in Hawaiʻi Island, Oʻahu and Kauaʻi, December 1937 – January 1938

290 specimens · 15 stops · 37 days · 359 km

Henry Wiebke

3 islands of the United States · Mar – Aug 1928

Henry Wiebke in Molokaʻi, Maui and Oʻahu, March – August 1928

203 specimens · 32 stops · 146 days · 349 km

W. Teraoka

4 islands · Apr 1979 – Mar 1980

W. Teraoka across 4 islands, April 1979 – March 1980

183 specimens · 58 stops · 348 days · 23,334 km

T. Amano

Okinawa and Iriomote Island · Jun – Aug 1951

T. Amano in Okinawa and Iriomote Island, June – August 1951

214 specimens · 31 stops · 63 days

Clarence H. Cooke Jr.

Kauaʻi · Oct – Nov 1903

Clarence H. Cooke Jr. in Kauaʻi, October – November 1903

355 specimens · 15 stops · 39 days · 688 km

Isa Degener

6 islands · Dec 1968 – Feb 1969

Isa Degener across 6 islands, December 1968 – February 1969

230 specimens · 30 stops · 52 days · 41,268 km

Timothy Flynn

Maui · Sep – Nov 1987

Timothy Flynn in Maui, September – November 1987

250 specimens · 18 stops · 65 days · 80 km

Donald Anderson

Oʻahu · Feb – Apr 1940

Donald Anderson in Oʻahu, February – April 1940

392 specimens · 5 stops · 81 days · 410 km

Erling Christophersen

5 islands · Oct – Nov 1929

Erling Christophersen across 5 islands, October – November 1929

315 specimens · 20 stops · 44 days · 283 km

John W. Beardsley

the United States · Aug – Oct 1964

John W. Beardsley in the United States, August – October 1964

636 specimens · 10 stops · 38 days

M.-H Sachet

6 islands · Jul – Nov 1963

M.-H Sachet across 6 islands, July – November 1963

308 specimens · 22 stops · 118 days · 9,873 km

K. Eliezer

Sri Lanka · Oct – Nov 1973

K. Eliezer in Sri Lanka, October – November 1973

309 specimens · 11 stops · 43 days

How a journey is found

Every specimen with a full date and a known collector is a diary entry. The days are read in order; a gap of more than three weeks ends one journey and starts the next. Days spent where a collector lived most of their life are home, not travel, and are left out.

A journey needs at least five days, forty specimens and two places. Within it, a run of days spent within about ten kilometres is one stop; the stop’s point is the middle of the labels that carry coordinates, or the island’s centre when none do.

Companions are the people whose own labels put them in the same place on the same days. Staff can name a journey, write about it and feature it; everything else here is read straight off the specimens, and is rebuilt as the records improve.